高中人教选修6课文逐句翻译

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选修六 Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING

西方绘画艺术简史

Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人

民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。 Styles in Western art have changed many

times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。 As there are so many different

styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in

such a short text. 由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能

进行全面的描述。 Consequently, this text will describe only the most

important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.

因此,本文只谈及从公元 6 世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。

The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元 5 世纪到 15 世

纪)

During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent

religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。 A

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conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature

and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和

人物。A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which

created a feeling of respect and love for God. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满

了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。 But it was evident that

ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di

Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.但是,很

显然到了 13 世纪时,观念发生变化,像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风

格来画宗教场景。

The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) 文艺复兴时期( 15 世纪到 16 世纪)

During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced

those held in the Middle Ages. 在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观逐渐取代

了中世纪的思想和价值观。 People began to concentrate less on religious

themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. 人们开始较少关注宗

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教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。 At the same time painters

returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. 同时画家们回到了

罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。 They tried to paint people and nature as

they really were. 他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。Rich people wanted to

possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb

palaces and great houses. 富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高

级宫殿和豪宅 They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves,

their houses and possessions as well as their activities and

achievements.,他们出价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画像,画自己的房屋和其他财

物,以及他们的活动和成就。

One of the most important discoveries during this period was how

to draw things in perspective. 在此期间,最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视

法来画出事物。 This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. 这一手

法是 1428 年由马赛其奥第一次使用的。When people first saw his paintings,

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they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at

a real scene. 当人们第一次看到他的画时,还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实

的场景 , 并对此深信不疑。If the rules of perspective had not been

discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic

pictures. 如没有发现透视法 , 人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。 By

coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the

colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. 巧合的是这一时期油画

颜料也得到了发展,它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。 Without the

new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the

many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. 没有新的颜料和

新的(绘画)手法,我们就不能看到很多使这一时代著名的杰作。

Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)

印象派时期( 19世纪后期到 20世纪初期)

In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal from a mostly

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agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. 19世纪后期,欧洲发生了巨

大的变化 ,从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。 Many people

moved from the countryside to the new cities. 许多人从农村迁入到新城市。

There were many new inventions and social changes. 有着许多新发明,还

有许多社会变革。Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles.

这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的绘画风格。Among the painters who broke

away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who

lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国

巴黎的印象派画家。

The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. 印象派画

家是第一批室外写景的画家。 They were eager to show how light and

shadow fell on objects at different times of day. 他们急切地想把一天中不

同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。However, because natural light

changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. 然而由于自然

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光的变化很快,印象派画家们必须很快地作画 ,Their paintings were not as

detailed as those of earlier painters. 因此,他们的画就不像以前那些画家们

的画那样细致了。 At first, many people disliked this style of painting and

became very angry about it. 起初,许多人都不喜欢这种画法,甚至还怒不可遏

They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were

ridiculous.他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心、粗枝大叶,而他们的作品更是荒谬

可笑。

Modern Art (20th century to today) 现代艺术(20世纪至今)

At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were

controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we

call "modern art".在印象派作品的创建初期,它们是存在着争议的,但是如今己

被人们接受而成为现在我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。This is because the

Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new

ways. 这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。There are

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scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of

these painting styles might not exist. 如今,现代艺术风格有好几十种,然而如

果没有印象派,那么这许多不同的风格就不可能存在。 On the one hand, some

modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint

objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on

certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent

them. 一方面,有些现代艺术是抽象的,也就是说,画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到

的东西如实地画出来,而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性,用色彩、线条和形状把

它们呈现出来。On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so

realistic that they look like photographs. 而另一方面,有些现代派的艺术作

品却是那么写实,看上去就像是照片。These styles are so different.这些风格如

此不同。Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?

谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格?

2.选修六 Unit 1 THE BEST OF MANHATTAN’S ART GALLERIES 曼

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哈顿艺术画廊荟萃

The Frick Collection (5th Avenue and E.70th Street)

弗里克收藏馆(第 5 大道和第 70 街大道之间)

Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any

other in New York. 在纽约,比起其他艺术馆许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家

小型艺术陈列馆。Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919,

leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people.

亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪,于 1919年去世,把他的房子、家具和艺术收

藏品全部留给了美国人民。 Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth

century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this

excellent collection. 弗里克对 20世纪以前的西方绘画有偏爱,而在这个陈列馆

的珍藏品里这些绘画得以很好展出。 You can also explore Frick's beautiful

home and garden which are well worth a Visit.你还可以好好考察一下弗里

克美丽的故居和花园,它们是很值得一看的。

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Guggenheim Museum(5th Avenue and 88th Street)

古根海姆博物馆(第 5 大道和第 88 街交汇处)

This museum owns 5,000 superb modern paintings, sculptures and

drawings. 这家博物馆拥有 5000 幅非常好的现代油画、雕塑和素描。 These art

works are not all displayed at the same time. The exhibition is always

changing. 这些艺术品并不是同时展出的,展品总是在不断地更换。 It will

appeal to those who love Impressionist and Post-Impressionist

paintings. 展览将吸引印象派和后印象派作品的爱好者。 The Guggenheim

Museum building is also world-famous. 古根海姆博物馆的大楼也是世界闻

名的。 When you walk into gallery, you feel as if you were inside a

fragile, white seashell. 当你走进画廊的时候,你会觉得你进入了一个易碎的白

色贝壳之中。The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top

floor and walk down to the bottom. 看画展最好是从顶层看起,一直往下看

到底层。 There are no stairs just a circular path. The museum also has an

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excellent restaurant.展厅里没有楼梯,只有一条环形的小道。博物馆里还有一家

极好的餐馆。

Metropolitan Museum of Art (5th Avenue and 82nd Street)

大都会艺术博物馆(第 5 大道与第 82 街交汇处)

The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection.

这家博物馆以收藏艺术品种类繁多而享有盛名。 This covers more than 5,000

years of civilization from many parts of the world, including America,

Europe, China, Egypt, other African countries and South America. 它的艺

术品收藏涵盖了 5000 多年来世界上众多国家的文明史,其中包括美洲、欧洲、中

国、埃及、其他非洲国家和南美洲。The museum displays more than just the

visual delights of art. It introduces you to ancient ways of living. 这家博

物馆展出的不只是可以看得见的艺术之美,它还向你介绍了古代的生活方式。

You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant Ming garden, a typical

room in an 18th century French house and many other special

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摘要：

选修六Unit1ASHORTHISTORYOFWESTERNPAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Artisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaithofapeople.艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。StylesinWesternarthavechangedmanytimes.西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。AstherearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itwouldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminsuchashorttext.由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。Con...

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