专题12 形容词和副词-十年(2012-2021)高考英语真题分项详解(全国通用) 解析版

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专题 12 形容词和副词
2021 年】
1.(2021·天津卷)While rock-climbing, you need to remain very _____ so that you won't make any
dangerous errors.
Asatisfied Bfocused Camused Ddelighted
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在攀岩的时候,你需要保持非常专注,这样你就不会犯任何危
险的错误。A. satisfied 满意的;B. focused 专注的;C. amused 被逗乐的;D. delighted 高兴的。根据后文
so that you won't make any dangerous errors”可知要想不犯任何危险的错误,攀岩的时候需要保持专注,
focused 符合语境。故选 B
2.(2021·天津卷)As working from home becomes ________ common, people are finding it easier to
combine parenthood with a full-time career.
Aincreasingly Bequally Cnervously Dconfusingly
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着在家工作变得越来越普遍,人们发现为人父母与全职工作相
结合变得越来越容易。A. increasingly 越来越多地,渐增地;B. equally 相等地;C. nervously 紧张地;D.
confusingly 令人困惑地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”
可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易,是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍,increasingly
符合语境。故选 A
3.2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we
decided it was time for some action and what 45. __________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job. It
took us about 3 hours to go all the way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly, you can do it in two hours, but we
stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or, just to watch the local people going about their
50. ___________ (day) routines.
【答案】 45. better 50. daily
【解析】45. 考查形容词的词性转换。根据句中“than” 可知,应该填写形容词的比较级的形式,故填
better
50. 考查形容词。此处表示“观察当地人的日常生活”,修饰 routines, 故用形容词,故填 daily
4. 2021·全国乙卷短文改错)
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What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on
housework……
【答案】 7. most→more 8. mentally→mental 9. our→my
【解析】
7. 考查固定搭配。句意:此外,做家务可以是一种从学习中获得精神放松的方式。固定短语“what’s
more”译为“此外”。故将 most 改为 more
8. 考查形容词。句意:同时,这也给了我们的父母更多的时间去做他们喜欢的事情,改善了家庭关系。
修饰名词 relaxation(放松)需要用形容词。故将 mentally 改为 mental
9. 考查人称代词。句意:这是我对家务的看法。根据全文内容以及句意可知,此处表达“这是我对家
务的看法”。故将 our 改为 my
5. (2021·新高考 I)
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will
____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the
temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us
____60____(astonish).
【答案】58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. astonished
【解析】58.考查副词。句意:它无疑会帮助你恢复精神!修饰动词 help,应用副词 undoubtedly“毫无
疑问地”。故填 undoubtedly
59.考查形容词比较级。句意:关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是,气温越低,温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构
the +比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,越……”。故填 hotter
60.考查形容词。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”,
补充说明宾语 us 的感受,应用-ed 结尾形容词。故填 astonished
6. (2021·浙江卷)When the house was built, it was much ___39___ smallthan it is today. Mary's niece
wrote,
………
【答案】39. smaller
【解析】39.考查形容词。句意:这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的 much 和设空后的 than
可知,此处考查形容词比较级固定结构 much+比较级+than,提示词 small 的比较级形式为 smaller。故填
smaller
2020 年】
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1.2020·新课标I卷)Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词句意:登月球的背面是极其有挑性的。空修饰形容challenging使
extreme 的副词形式,故填 extremely
2.2020·新课标I卷)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it
contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【答案】much
【解析】考查形容词。句意:关于月构成的据,比有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国
定它来月球地的计划否实用。ice 是不可名词,应使much 修饰,故填 much
3.2020·新课标I卷)Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.
【答案】将 simply 改为 simple
【解析】考查形容词。句意天我自尝试做一道简。根据名词 dish 可知,此处应用形容词
作定语,故将 simply 改为 simple
4.2020·IIBamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in
their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意:当然在假期期间,这种植物要的事词短语做时间语,因
有改变成副词才能复合句子结构,用副词形式做语。故填 Certainly
5. 2020· 新 课 标 II 卷 ) The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds ( 蓓 蕾 ) make
fantastic decorations.
【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意:长枝上覆盖粉红色,做成饰。修饰名词
branches,用形容词形式。故填 beautiful
6.2020·新课标II卷)I’m surely you’ll have a good time.
【答案】将 surely 改为 sure
【解析】考查形容词。句意:我相你会很开心的。析句子,此处 be 动词 am 后面需用形容词
作表语。故将 surely 改为 sure
7.2020·新课标II卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on
every day.
【答案】将 such 改为 so
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【解析】考查副词。句意:然后我就可以抽出时间新学习它,这样我们就可以天一起练习。
句子,此处应表示“以便以”。故将 such 改为 so
8.2020·新课标III卷)As the small boat moved, 68
(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the
mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意:当小船缓缓沿着江面动时,山在中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修
饰动词 moved 应用副词 gently 语,表示“缓缓地”。故填 gently
9. 2020·卷)The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work.
A. absurd B. abrupt C. allergic D. authentic
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:冠肺炎疫情的发,给我们的生活和工作来了一个突然的变
A. absurd 荒谬B. abrupt 然的C. allergic 过敏的;D. authentic 真实
炎疫情给我们的生活和工作来了一个突然的变。故选 B
10.2020·天津卷)According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it
is ______.
Aworthwhile Bnecessary Coptional Dserious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法,如果我们不想本书,就不必读,因
为它是可选的。A. worthwhile 得的;B. necessary 要的;C. optional 可选的,选修的;D. serious
的,认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知,这本书读读都可以,
可知,它是“可选的”。故选 C
11.2020·卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36
(wealth) people travelled and collected plants,
historical objects and works of art.
【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:18 19 世纪旅行并收集植物、历史物品艺术品。此处修饰名
people,应使用形容词,做定语。故填 wealthy
2019 年】
1.2019·卷】Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.
A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight
【答案】C
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【解析】考查形容词辨。句意:像传体育锻炼,有 app 体育锻炼
A. casual 然的,随便B. regular 的,有规律的;C. flexible 活的;D. tight 紧的,
故选 C
2.2019·新课标 I卷】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has
been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears
worldwide.
【答案】poorly
解 析】 考查 副词 用法 。根 据句 意和 结poorly has been
studied,意为“研究很少”。故填 poorly
3.2019·新课标 II 卷】Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer
nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所位置可知,此处应用副词形式作语,修饰动词 have been
acknowledged,意为“最终得以可”,故填 finally
4.2019·新课标 III 卷】On our way to the houseit was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help
wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
【答案】so
【解析】考查副词。句意:在我们去那座房子的路上雨下此大以于我们不久才
能到那里。“so…that…”意为“此……以于……”,引导果状语从句。故填 so
2018 年】
1.2018·Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training
for his staff.
A. keen B. reluctant
C. anxious D. ready
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境解。句意:尽管旅馆服务不经理还愿投入工提
培训A. keen 敏锐的;B. reluctant 不情的;C. anxious 渴望的;D. ready 准备好的。故选 B
2.2018·新课标 IAccording to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61
(long) than non-runners.
【答案】 longer
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【解析】考查副词的比较级。报告显示:跑步的人比不跑步的人多活 3年。根据 than 可知用
比较级,故填 longer
3.2018·新课标 I卷】I felt happily that their life had improved.
【答案】happily 改成 happy
happily 改成 happy
4.2018·新课标 II A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its
corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
【答案】 actually
【解析】考查副词。句意:对的需求实际上是这种变的背后因。句子结构完整,用副词修饰句
子。故填 actually
5.2018·新课标 II 卷】According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___
(globe)fertilizer consumption.
【答案】 global
【解析】句意:中国约占消费量30%fertilizer consumption 是名词短语,故应该用形容
词修饰。故填 global
6.2018·III He screams the___63___(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats
his chest and charges toward me.
【答案】loudest
【解析】考查高级。根据后面的 of all 可知,他声音最大,以用高级 loudest
7.2018·浙江卷】There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health.
【答案】higher
cost even
higher
2017 年】
1.2017·The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But
_______ explanations are hard to find.
A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词的辨析。A. alternative 代的;B. aggressive 的,有进取心C.
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ambiguous
野心的,时的;D. apparent 显而的。句意:恐龙消失未必体灾害引起的,但是也很难找
其它的解。故选 A
2016 年】
1.2016·His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on
what basis, data are collected.
A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。形容词 explicit 的,清楚的;ambiguous 模棱两可的,含糊
original 原始最初的;arbitrary 任意的,专的;句意:对于何以及在什么基础上收集数据,他的
查提最清晰的说明。故 A正确
2.2016·His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on
what basis, data are collected.
A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。形容词 explicit 的,清楚的;ambiguous 模棱两可的,含糊
original 原始最初的;arbitrary 任意的,专的;句意:对于何以及在什么基础上收集数据,他的
查提最清晰的说明。故 A正确
3.2016·浙江】In this article , you need to back up general statements with ________ examples.
A. specific B. permanent C. abstract D. universal
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在中,你需要用持总A.具体,明B.C.
的;D.全球的,共通的。故选 A
2015 年】
1.(2015浙江) Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every
bite put into our mouths was alive.
A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们很少了解食物来自于哪里,我们大多,放在我们的口里点食
是活着的。A.steadily 意为定地,B. instantly 意为立即地,C. formerly 意为前地;D.
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permanently 意为永久地。在做题的时候,需要后一句就可以了 was galive 根据句意及常
答案,吃入口前的是活着的。
2.(2015浙江) Listening is thus an active, not a , behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and
remembering.
A. considerate B. sensitive C. reliable D. passive
【答案】D
【解析】句意:因此是一种动的,不是被动的为。它包含听解和记忆A. considerate
为考虑周全的, B. sensitive 意为感的,C. reliable 意为可的,D. passive 意为被动的。根据 not 可以知
前后是义表达,以选 D。此题的关是有一not 这是表示定的,这表明前面的 active 义的
关系,根据 4的意答案是 D. passive 被动的。
3.(2015四川)Little Tom sat watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
A. amaze B. amazing C. amazed D. to amaze
【答案】C
【解析】句考查形容词作语。句考查形容词作语,意为:小 Tom 看着小子在
他面前跳舞很吃惊。要考查 BC间的区别,选B意为:令人惊的,常修饰C意为:
到吃惊的,常修饰人。根据句意,题选C
4.(2015四川)Andy is content with the toy. It is he has ever got.
A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best
【答案】D
【解析】考查高级和比较级。根据一句可知,Andy 对这个玩具很满意,故选D,意为:这是
最好玩具
5.(2015)It was________of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
A. careless B. considerate C. patient D. generous
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析 A.careless 不小的;B.considerate 的;C.Patient 的;D.generous
慷慨的。该句意为:麦克,他知我们他会来以我们着。故选 B
6.(2015)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _______ review of the case.
A. comprehensive B. complicated C. conscious D. crucial
【答案】A
【解析】句意:警官定对这件进行次彻底全面的查。A合的,全面的,有
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的”;B“复的”;C“有意的”;D要的”。故选 A
7.(2015安徽)I’m so ______ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.
A. special B. superior C. grateful D. attractive
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我非常感有的,因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。A特殊的;
B优秀的,比......的;C的;D的。根据句意可知,这是在向志表达感情,故选
C
8.(2015安徽)They gave money to the old people's home either ______ or through their companies.
A. legally B. sincerely C. personally D. deliberately
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他们给那位人的家送钱,有的是一人的名义,有的通过他们的公司A
法地;B地;C自,当面地,D故意地。故选 C
9.(2015湖北)The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express
herself.
A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely
【答案】A
【解析】意:那个女孩很害,但现在团队合作越来越, (比以前)意表达自的想法。A
渐地”B常,常”; C “以前”; D 仅仅”。故选 A
10.(2015湖北)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to
be_____.
A. accurate B. punctual C. efficient D. reasonable
【答案】B
【解析】句意:尽管厅靠近他的公寓如果他想要时的须快A“精的”;
B时的,时的”;C“有效率的”;D“合的”。故选 D
11.(2015湖北)I don’t think what he said is _____ to the topic we are discussing . He has missed the point.
A. faithful B. parallel C. relevant D. similar
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我为他说的和我们讨论题无关。他抓住A的,忠诚
的”;B“与……”;C“和……相关”;D“和……相”。be relevant to“和……相关”。
故选 C
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2014 年】
1.(2014安徽)My good performance in the job interview left me about my future and about what I can do
here.
A. puzzled B. sensitive C. optimistic D. embarrassed
【答案】C
【解析】形容词 puzzled 困惑的;sensitive 感的;optimistic 乐观的;embarrassed 尴尬的;句义:在
工作面表现让我对自来和在这里能够做的事情乐观。根据 My good performance in the job
interview 表现,说明我对自己未信心,故 C正确
2.(2014安徽)It's our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, ,supply more jobs.
A. however B. anywhere C. therefore D. otherwise
【答案】C
【解析】副词 however anywhere 何处;therefore 因此;otherwise ,要不然;外一方
面;句义:在市场上起着更要的作用是我们的,因此通过更多的工作。我们要想在市场上起着更
要的作用是通过更多的工作现的。上下间是因关系。故 C正确
3.(2014)Raymond’s parents wanted him to have ______ possible education.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
【答案】D
【解析】句义:Raymond 的父母想要他得到最好的可教育句是常,父母当然
能够到最好教育,有最好的发。故 D正确
4.(2014)Henry was away from home for quiet a bit and _____ saw his family.
A. frequently B. seldom C. always D. usually
【答案】B
【解析】副词 frequently 频繁地,常地;seldom 很少always 总是,一usually 常。句义:
Harry 家有一时间了,他很少他的父。根据句义可知他家了,那么很少有和父
面的会。故使用副词 seldom 表示定。故 B正确
5.(2014)--- What did you do last weekend?
--- Nothing _____.
A. much B. else C. ever D. yet
【答案】A
【解析】题中的固定搭配 nothing much 什么很少nothing else 的事情。句义:—上个周
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摘要:

专题12形容词和副词【2021年】1.(2021·天津卷)Whilerock-climbing,youneedtoremainvery_____sothatyouwon'tmakeanydangerouserrors.A.satisfiedB.focusedC.amusedD.delighted【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在攀岩的时候,你需要保持非常专注,这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A.satisfied满意的;B.focused专注的;C.amused被逗乐的;D.delighted高兴的。根据后文“sothatyouwon'tmakeanydangerouserrors”...

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