专题14 非谓语动词-十年(2012-2021)高考英语真题分项详解(全国通用) 解析版

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专题 14 非谓语动词
2021 年】
1.(2021·天津卷)China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to
Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
Ato extend Bextended Cextending Dbeing extended
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的国道 318 号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出 5000 多公里,因为
它的令人赞叹的景观,被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知,is known as 是整个句子的谓语动词,
所以空格处应填非谓语动词,extend 与主语 China's National Highway 318 之间的关系为主动,所以用
extending。故选 C
2. 2021 年全国甲卷短文改错) ….. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others……...
【答案】 talk→talking
【解析】查非谓语动词。句意:他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。固定短dislike doing
sth.,意为“不喜欢做某事”,doing 为动名词作宾语。故 talk 改为 talking
3. 2021 年全国乙卷语法填空) …. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
……
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique
biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim
___70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】67. visiting 70. to have
【解析】67.考查动名词。句意:最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词 of 可知,空
格处应填动名词形式来作介词 of 的宾语。故填 visiting
70. 考查非谓语动词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很
固定短语 aim to do 译为“旨在,目的是”。故填 to have
4.2021 1月浙江卷)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确
形式。
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32
2. 1 in women and men. In
cities, however, the gain 33
(be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in
the geography of BMI. Tn 1985urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34
(study)
1 / 34
had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and
rural people in many countries had narrowed 35
(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36
(live) in the countryside, including lower levels of
income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】
32by
33was
34Studied
35sharply
36living
【解析】
32.考查介词。句意:研究发现,1985 年至 2017 年间,农村女性和男性的平均 BMI 增加了
2.1increase by 表示“增加了”;increase to 表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人 BMI 数值(18.5-23.9)可
知,increase by 符合语境,故填 by
33.考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:然而,在城市中,女性增加了 1.3,男性增加了 1.6。分析句子
结构可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(gain)是单数,时态是一般过去时,故填 was
34.考查非谓语动词。句意:1985 年,在被研究的国家中,超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的 BMIs
高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是 had,所以 study 用非谓语形式,它的逻辑
主语是 countries,表被动关系,故填 studied
35.考查副词。句意:但 30 年后,许多国家城市和农村人口的 BMI 差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可
知,sharp 是要修饰动词 narrow,用 sharp 的副词形式 sharply。故填 sharply
36.考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件,包括较低的收入和教育
平,较高的健康食品,以较少的设施。分析句子结构可知,句子有谓语动词 may be,故
live 用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是 people,表主动关系,做定语,用现在分词形式,故填 living
2020 年】
1.2020·新课标 I卷)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and
study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯
地。处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的语。故填 to find
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2.2020·新课标 I卷)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
【答案】 frying 改为 fried
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:喜欢西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词 fry tomatoes 之间是动宾关系,所
处应用过去分词作定语,故frying 改为 fried
3. 2020·新课标 I卷)My mom told me how to preparing it
【答案】 preparing 改为 prepare
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道。分析句子可知,“ how+不定式”作
told 的宾语,to 是不定式符号,后应动词形,故preparing 改为 prepare
4. 2020· 新课标 II 卷 ) They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new
beginnings.
【答案】coming
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们大地的复苏和对新开端美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为
represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词 earth come back to 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作后
语。故填 coming
5. 2020·新课标 II 卷)They make great gifs and you see them many times 65
(decorate) with red
envelopes and messages of good fortune.
【答案】 decorated
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很礼物你会经到它们着红包和好运信息
句中 them 指代前句中的 orange trees,与 decorate 之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语足语。故填
decorated
6. 2020·新课标 II 卷)They are easy 68
(care) for and make great presents.
【答案】to care
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to
do”结构。故填 to care
7. 2020·新课标 III 卷)The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67
(find) the well-known painter.
【答案】 to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:第二上,他了一条,出发去位著名的家。结合句意
表示“出发去做某事”短语为 set out to do sth.,后不定式做目的语。故填 to find
8. 2020·新课III 卷)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69 (surround)
the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
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【答案】 surrounding
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他雾气升起山顶,他不禁流下了眼泪
分析句子结构可知,the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops 主格结构做surround 在句
中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语 clouds 构成主动关系,故应用现在分词。故填 surrounding
9.(2020· 山 东 ) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations ( 模 拟 ) and
imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43 (walk)through a rainforest.
【答案】 walking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:了观赏展品游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏想象生活在一个不
步在living imagine imagine sb
doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填 walking
10. (2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60
(change)lives.
【答案】 to change
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:农业让人们次体验技术生活的。分析句子,单句
有动词 gave 示词用非谓语动词。分析句意,用不定式表示目的。故填 to change
11. (2020·浙江卷)Laterthey learned to work with the seasons (season)planting at the right time andin
dry areas 63
(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【答案】 making
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利
年的洪水灌溉。分析句子,make 所处的分句中主语,故用非谓语动词。make use of
逻辑主语 they 之间表示“主动”关系。所以处用现在分词形式(doing)形式做语。故填 making
12. 2020·卷)Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these
products.
A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined with D. to be combined with
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新良好的市场营销相结合,将促进这些产品销售处是
短语:be combined with“……结合/合”,句中省略 be 动词,使用过去分词做语。故选 A
13.(2020·天津卷)___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954,
inspired the imagination of the world.
AHaving completed BBeing completed
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CCompleted DCompleting
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1931 完工国大1954 年之前最高的天大,它发了
世界想象力。句中谓语动词是 inspired处用非谓语动词。主语 the Empire State Building 和动词
complete 是被动关系,用过去分词作语。A是现在分词的成式,不表被动。Bdoing 的被动式。
故选 C
14.2020·天津卷)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________
economic growth.
Ato be promoted Bbeing promotedCpromoting Dto promote
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:地方政府为了促进经济牺牲保护过分析句子成
分并译语境可知,句在谓doesn't have to sacrifice,空使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系,因
此使用动词不定式形式。故选 D
15.(2020·天津卷)______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
ATo help BHelped CHelping DBeing helped
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我准备老师建议通们的笔记。分析句子结构可
知,老师建议我笔记是”为了“帮助我准备。故表目的,应用动词不定式。故选 A
2019 年】
1.2019·卷】 __________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use
smart phones.
A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。处是不定式作目的语。句意:为了享受字支付的方便,很多年市
民开始使手机。故选 A
2.2019·天津卷】____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the
future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned
【答案】C
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【解析】考查动名词。句意:学会批判思维是当孩未必需能。句子缺少主语成分
而过去分词动词不可以做主语。处用动名词做主语,故选 C
3.2019·卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in
international affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D. recognized
【答案】A
【解析】考查 with 合结构。句意:中国的形正在提升多的国家认识到中国在国
的作用。“多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系,用 with + 名词 + 现在分词结构,故选 A
4.2019·天津卷】The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones
in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【答案】A
使on no
account 不,定词,句子使倒装should do,于做 dare do,根据句意表示”应
“,故选 A
5.2019·新课标 I卷】Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only
since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area.
【答案】to perform
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后,常用不定式作因或目的语,句意:跟踪北极熊的现
方法是在二十世纪八十以来开始采用,并且在如此大区持续采用是昂贵的,故处用 to
perform
6.2019·新课标 I卷】Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be
congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…
【答案】noting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词 by 可知,处用动名词主动形式,故填 noting
7.2019·新课标 II All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for
football.
【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly,
say
saying
that I had a talent for football.
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【解析】考查现在分词。句句意:操场上所有的足球运,说有足。句中谓语
动词为 cheeredsay 在这里作伴随状语。与主语 players 是主动关系,故say 改为 saying
8.2019·新课标 II 卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's
oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
【答案】 being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词 for 可知,处用动名词形式作宾语,故填 being
9.2019·新课标 II 卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” awardproud Irene ___declared__(declare)
she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
【答案】to retire
【解析】考查不定式作定语。处用 to do sth 做后定语,用来修饰前面的名词 plan,表示“……
”,故填 to retire
10.2019·新课标 II 卷】When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listedwe thought it was ___a__
joke.
【答案】saying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所的宾语从句可知,处用现在分词形式 saying 作后定语,
名词 call 的内容,call say 是主动关系,故填 saying
11.2019·新课标 III 卷】On our way to the houseit was raining ___so__ hard that we couldn't help
wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there.
【答案】to retire
【解析】考查不定式。句中的 would 们作者还有到达那座房子,wondering 后的句子不缺谓语,
处应填非谓语动词,故填 to get
12.2019· III On the last day of our week-long stay we _were invited__(invite)to attend a
private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting
interesting locals.
【答案】listening
【解析】考查现在分词。句谓语动词为“were invited”,所以 70 题空格处动词 listen 应用非谓语动词
形式。听音乐这个动作是由 we 发出的,所以选用现在分词形式。也可由 and 前后个并的结构这一
规律解题,and meeting interesting locals 为分词形式,故空格处填 listening
13.2019·浙江卷】When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,…
【答案】cycling
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【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当子们在黑暗步行或骑车时,汽车司很容易看
们。or 个并成分,根据 or 前的 walking 可知,处要用 cycling。故填 cycling
14.2019·浙江卷】But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform.
【答案】to wear
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:但是,有一穿want to do sth 做某事,这里
是动词不定式作 to 的宾语。故填 to wear
15.2019·卷】Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two
simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战知道对自单的“做
”。分析句式可知,处是做句子的语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是 I,与逻辑主语之间是主动
关系,用现在分词作语。故填 facing
2018 年】
1.2018·_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled
【答案】B
【解析】考查动名词。句意:沿丝绸之路旅行是一趣又经历。“____ along the old Silk
Road”做主语,要用动名词,故 B正确。
2.2018· During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal,
admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在中秋节间,家人们会聚在一起吃月,
gather 是谓语动词,“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”语,家人在一的目
的是月,,表目的用动词不定式,故 B正确。
3.2018·Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
A. used B. to use C. using D. use
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:正确使用的肥皂可以有地处理细菌Ordinary
soap can deal with bacterial effectively 是主句,_________ correctly 是条件语,修饰 ordinary soapordinary
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soap use 之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词,A正确。
4.2018·天津】I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t
help_______ it.
A. to eatto try B. eatingtrying
C. eatingto try D. to eat trying
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意:打算何东西,但冰淇淋看起如此以至于不住
的要。固定短语短语 mean to do打算做),couldn’t help doing 不住做。故选 D
5.2018·天津】 I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.
A. taking B. taken
C. being taken D. take
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我需要一个新护照,所以我将题考查非谓语动词
作宾语足语,宾语 my photograph 足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语足语。C表示正在
行。故选 B
6.2018·Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of
12,000 held by market analysts.
A. having exceeded B. to exceed
C. exceeded D. exceeding
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在这间,大13,500 作,超过市分析师持有的
12,000 。分析全句可知,这里前一件事来自然而然的结,故用现在分词作结语。
故选 D
7.2018·IYou don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke,
be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
【答案】62. to see 63.dying
【解析】62.考查不定式作目的语。太快或时间到它的处。处不定式作目
语,故填 to see63.考查动名词。也许喝酒吸烟或超,但减少风险
of 是介词,其后用动名词。故填 dying
8.2018·新课标 I卷】My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
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【答案】sell 改为 selling
【解析】考查动名词。去年天他们卖鱼挣了一大处介词 by 后用动名词,故用 selling
9.2018·新课标 II Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn
instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality.
【答案】to improve
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了改政府鼓励民种植玉米而不是大词可以且
谓语动词是 encourages,故 improve 用非谓语动词。处表示目的,故用不定式。故填 to improve
10.2018·新课标 III 卷】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into
his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
【答案】64.looking65.challened
【解析】64.考查动词。动词 avoid 后要加 doing处表示避免直接看他的。用 looking
65.考查非谓语。根据语境可知,处表示不直视他的,他到被挑战性。feel 为系动词,
表示“被挑战”,用过去分词 challenged
11. 2018· 新课标 III 卷 】 Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her
paragraph aloud.
【答案】wait 改为 waiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析有谓语was,而且,与主语是主动
系,所以 wait 要用非谓语 waiting,表伴随
12.2018·江卷I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked
(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【答案】visiting
访remember doing
sth. 故填 visiting
2017 年】
1.2017· The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be
treated.
A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这个医院购医疗设备人被治疗。前句医疗设备
多的人被之间是然的结关系,用 doing 现在分词作结语,表顺理
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摘要:

专题14非谓语动词【2021年】1.(2021·天津卷)China'sNationalHighway318,________over5,000kilometersfromShanghaitoZhangmu,Tibet,isknownasthe"heavenlyroad“foritsamazingviews.A.toextendB.extendedC.extendingD.beingextended【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的国道318号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5000多公里,因为它的令人赞叹的景观,被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知,isknownas是整个句子的谓语动...

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专题14 非谓语动词-十年(2012-2021)高考英语真题分项详解(全国通用) 解析版.doc

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