专题11 代词、介词和介词短语-十年(2012-2021)高考英语真题分项详解(全国通用) 解析版

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专题 11 代词、介词和介词短语
2021 年】
1.2021·天津卷)Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are truly struggling. 30 simply
satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their
own bikes.
AWithout BBeyond CUpon DAmong
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意:在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上,他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学
习如何修理自行车的机会。A. Without 除了;B. Beyond 越过;C. Upon 在……上;D. Among 在……中间。
结合后文“simply satisfying a material need”表示“在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上”应用介词 upon。故选
C
2.2021·全国甲卷)…… Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of
the same age and can understand each other. Some will tum out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little
choose to deal with the problems on our own……
【答案】4. 去掉 out 5.little→few 6.our→their
【解析】
4. 考查固定搭配。turn to sb. For help 表示想某人寻求帮助,故 turn 后面去掉 out
5. 考查代词。a little 代指不可数名词,a few 代指可数名词。在这里指少部分的学生, 可数名词,故把
little 改为 few
6. 考查代词。On one’s own 表示靠自己。这里省略主语 students, 主语相当于 Only a little students
后应该是 their。故 our 改为 their
3. (2021·新高考 I)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always
stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to
visit!
【答案】64. mine
【解析】64.考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留
在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知,本句为
does 指代前一句的 stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词 mine 指代 my memory。故填 mine
4. (2021·浙江卷)Beautifully restored(修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary
Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who
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performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.
………
【答案】37. for
【解析】37.考查介词。句意:1844 年,他们以 1200 美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子
和一些土地,查尔斯·德莱瑟在 1842 年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知,此处考查固定短语 buy sth. for +
价格,意为“以……价格买某物”。故填 for
5.2021 年全国乙卷)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted
as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it
desirable.
Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___
trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
【答案】
63. its
64. until
65. the
66. of
【解析】
63 题】考查代词。句意:生态旅游起源20 70 年代的环境运动。根据空格后名origin 知,
此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词 origin。故填 its
64 题】考查固定句型。句意:直到 20 世纪 80 年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知
此处表示“直20 世纪 80 代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,表示“到……才……”使用固定句
型“not……until……”。故填 until
65 题】考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为
growing popularity of environmental-
related and adventure travel”可知,此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,所以应填定冠词 the。故
the
66 题】考查介词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为
生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”,所以空格处应填 of。故填 of
2020 年】
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1.2020·新课标IThe far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of
deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side.
【答案】than
【解析】考查介词。句意:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多环形山。根据空前的比较级 more so 可知,
此处填介词 than,表示“……”。故填 than
2.2020·新课标I卷)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it
contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球) base are practical.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意上。根据空后的名词 plans 可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词 its,故填
its
3.2020·新课标IAfter that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove I waited patiently unless
the oil was hot.
【答案】将 off 改为 on
【解析】考查介词。句意:后我把油倒进一个平底锅开火。根据 I poured oil into a pan 及常识
可知,把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子,所以此处应使用短语 turn on,故将 off 改为 n
4.2020·新课标I卷)Not that waymy mom tried to stop us but failed.
【答案】将 us 改为 me
【解析】考查代词。句意:“不是样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我,是失了。根据上文可知,是作
一个人做菜,此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”,应使用一人单数的宾格,故将 us 改为 me
5.2020·II卷)Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune
and wealth.
【答案】than
【解析】句意:不仅仅是more than 不仅仅,不是。故填 than
6.2020·新课标II卷)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on
every day.
【答案】去掉 on
【解析】考查介词。句意:我们可以天一起习。介词 on 后接的是具体时间。every day
一天”,前不有任何介词修饰。故 on 多余,应去掉。
7.2020·新课标II卷)Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.
【答案】将 yours 改为 your
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【解析】考查代词。句意:祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子,best luck of you 为“祝你好运”
是固定短语。故将 your 改为 you。句中的 yours 为名词性物主代词,不可修饰后面的动名词。故将 yours
your
8.2020·新课标III卷)The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70
earth, Mother
Nature.
【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终被世最伟大艺术家——大然母亲所折。结合句
意表示“在世上”短语为 on earth。故填 on
9. 2020·卷)Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.
A. in exchange for B. in answer to C. in contact with D. in memory of
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句:受这挑战让你你有共同兴趣的人A. in exchange for
作为B. in answer to 答;C. in contact with ……有联D. in memory of
someone who shares your interests 及常识可知,此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接”。故选 C
10. 2020·卷)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for
______.
A. whichever B. whenever C. wherever D. whatever
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表就已经计划好了前技巧后全
A. whichever 无论哪个;B. whenever 无论C. wherever 无论何地;D. whatever 无论什么。分析句子
分可知,此处goes for 的宾语,指代“事情”,whatever 合语境。故选 D
11.(2020·天津卷)For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey.
Ain the shape of Bbeyond the reach of
Cat the mercy of Don the side of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句:五岁妈给一个子形A. in the
shape of ……形B. beyond the reach of 超出……的能力之外 C. at the mercy of 受……的配;D. on the
side of 拥护……,在……的一蛋糕子“形”的。故选 A
12.2020·卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and
imagine 42
(they) living at a different time in history or 43
walking
(walk)through a rainforest.
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【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客可以玩电脑模拟,想自己生在一个不
历史时期,或热带雨林中。此处指代 visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填
themselves
13.2020·卷)Museums must compete 45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。句意:馆必须和其他娱乐活竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短
:compete for,意为“为了……竞争”。故填 for
14.2020·浙江卷)Some time after 10000 BCpeople made the first real attempt to control the world
they lived 56
through agriculture.56
【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意:元前 10000 年以后,人们次真尝试通农业控制他们所居
。分析可知,“they lived _____”应是前名词 the world 的定语从句,定语从句引导词被省略,可
行词应是在从句中作宾语,they lived in the world. live in+名词,意为“居在某地”。故填 in
2019 年】
1.2019·天津卷·A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than
_________who are not.
A. ones B. those
C. these D. them
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词。句意:一项研究参加外活动的学生动的学生更开心。空
格处代词the students 是对应可以the ones those 代。“them”指代的是提到的复数名
词,不the students 对应关。“these”不用定语从句修饰。故选 B
2.2019··Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees' professional development.
A. in effect B. in command C. in turn D. in shape
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语。句意:度政激发员工的专水平的提A. in effect
上;B. in command C. in turn 轮流依次D. in shape 形上,处于良好态。故选 A
3.2019·新课标 IModem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only
since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform (perform) consistently over a large area.
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【答案】of/for
考查介词tracking polar bear populations Modern methods 语,of
methods of doing sth.”,
for。故填 of/for
4.2019·新课标 I卷】Scientists have responded by noting (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(
) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually
are.
【答案】of/for
5.2019·新课标 III 卷】We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogsseven to be exact.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一”。故填 of
6.2019·浙江卷】But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is
not clear.
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意:这个题的答案不清楚the key/answer to ...这是固定搭配,“……的答案
是……”。故填 to
2018 年】
1.2018·北京Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.
—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.
A. for B. on C. in D. at
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词。句意:——早Lee 办公室——早。我想预约周三(和 Mr.
Lee 面)。make an appointment for 意为“为……预约”,是固定搭配,故 A正确。
2.2018·天津】Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went
___________.
A. at first B. after all
C. above all D. at random
【答案】B
【解析】句意:鲍勃认为他不参加聚会,因为他不份报告毕竟还是去了。at first
首先after all 毕竟终究above all 首先at random 随便地。根据前面的词可知,与前面的情况
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,所以选 B
3.2018·China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China
globally.
A. in line with B. in reply to
C. in return for D. in honour of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析语境理解。句意:中国的力增长与日俱增对中国的赏识
理解相一A. in line with 按照;与...B. in reply to 答复;C. in return for 作为 ... 报酬D. in
honour of 为纪念故选 A
4.2018·新课标 III 卷】I was searching ___67___ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.
【答案】 for
【解析】考查动词短语搭配。search for 是固定搭配,表示“寻”,表示“我”在寻“我”研究
三只西大猩猩
2017 年】
1.2017·津卷1When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _____ trees that
are over 1,000 years old.
A. among B. against C. behind D. below
【答案】A
【解析】句意:当你开穿加州红木森林时将会历史树木之间。 be among
间; be against 对; be behind 在后面; be below 下。根据句意,故选 A
2.2017·Determining where we are _______ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our
survival.
A. in contrast to B. in defense of C. in face of D. in relation to
【答案】D
考查介词短语辨析A. in contrast to B. in defense of C. in
face
of 面对;D. in relation to 与……关。句意:根据的环境辨方位是我们生
技能。故选 D
3.2017·北京卷】Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.
A. at B. in C. on D. by
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【答案】B
【解析】多住上的人生的。此处用介词 in,不用 by,因为 by 通常做什么
事情生,此处是指在捕鱼这个行里,在这个行生,用 in,故选 B
2016 年】
1. 2016· 天津】The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was
published.
A. out of control B. out of date C. out of sight D. out of reach
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词短语。句意:这本字典了。自从它被以来,单词被到这种语中。
A. out of control 失去控制B. out of date 的;C. out of sight 的;D. out of reach 的。根据
句意,故选 B
2.2016·浙江】In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from ____in the UK.
A. that B. this C. one D. it
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在多方,美国的教育体系国的教育体系。指代上文的名词 education
systemthat词短语作定语This 表示“指”one 泛指可数名词单数it 是特
指上文提到的名词。故选 A
3.2016·浙江】That young man is honest , cooperative , always there when you need his help .______, he's
reliable.
A. Or else B. In short C. By the way D. For one thing
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这个年实,合作精神,当他的帮助的时候,他是在里。简言
可靠。A.否则B.简言C.便说一下;D.首先。故选 B
4.2016·浙江】The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _______influence the basic processes by
which we see world around us.
A. on B. in C. at D. about
【答案】B
【解析】句意研究我们长的化影响我们的基本The cultures 后面是定语从
句,省略 that,定语从句中 cultures 作宾语,那么还缺少一个介词,和 cultures 搭配用介词 in,故选 B
5.2016·浙江】I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the coming
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years
A. little more B. no more C.much more D.many more
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我一直很喜组织并且希望来的年里参加更多动。A.
这个搭配B.再;C.得多修饰不可数名词)D. many more 更多修饰可数名词)。这里修饰的是
上文的 activities。故选 D
2015 年】
1.(2015﹒重庆)The meeting will be held in September, but____ knows the date for sure.
A. everybody B. nobody C. anybody D. somebody
【答案】B
【解析】句意:会将在举行,人知道确期。根据 but 折可知人知道,
故选 B
2.(2015浙江) How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came
into the room and just shut it off without asking you?
A. them B. one C. those D. it
【答案】D
【解析】题分析:句意:正在一个欢的节目然有个人,地关掉
?It 作形式宾语,指代 If 后面的句子。该句到了一个句,一个条语从句(if)并列
(and)。这当应该把它陈述you would like____。分析句子结构知道 like 后缺少一个宾语,
一个宾格代词当,所以答案选 it
3.(2015天津) The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that B. one C. it D. this
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这所教育量要于一些。句中代词代指不可数名词 the quality of
education,故用代词 that。代词 it one 代指可数名词单数。故选 A
4.(2015﹒陕西)To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against .
A. another B. the other C. other D. either
【答案】B
【解析】句意:为了提自己,这个前面一光脚摩擦另。因为人有两只,一
onethe other,所以选 B
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5.(2015﹒福建)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but___contained any useful
suggestions.
A. all B. none C. either D. Neither
【答案】D
【解析】考查词辨析。该句中 A.all 全部;B.none 一个;C.either 个中何一个;D.两者都不。
根据该句意研究团队查上得出报告报告里面有任用的考。
故选 D本题考查词辨析,求学生掌握词的意义
6.(2015﹒重庆) Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.
A. below B. on C. at D. above
【答案】D
【解析】句意:去年是以来最热的一年,全球平均气温0.68 With 的宾语 global
temperature ,宾语above the average
7.(2015浙江) Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?
A. about B. to C.with D. over
【答案】 B
【解析】句意:说过上动物和上动物的home to sth 固定搭配,是什么
的意。该句是一个句,其中一个定语从句。如这个句子陈述句应该是 You have ever
heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea? 后把定语从句单独拿将会是 trees
are homes animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自知道答案是 to
8. (2015浙江) These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
A. in memory of B. in response to
C. in touch with D. in possession of
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这些是对某些经常被当地新到的题的应。A. in memory of 意为纪念,
B. in response to 意为应,C. in touch with 意为联系D. in possession of 意为拥有。分析句子分知道空格
当介词短语作语的作用,根据常识和句意,应该是对题的应。所以答案应该是 B. in
response to 应。
9.(2015浙江) Most people work because it’s unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy
work.
A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion
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摘要:

专题11代词、介词和介词短语【2021年】1.(2021·天津卷)Pruitttriestogivehisdonationstofamiliesthataretrulystruggling.30simplysatisfyingamaterialneed,hehasprovidedanopportunityforkidsinhisneighborhoodtolearnhowtofixtheirownbikes.A.WithoutB.BeyondC.UponD.Among【答案】C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意:在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上,他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会。A.W...

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专题11 代词、介词和介词短语-十年(2012-2021)高考英语真题分项详解(全国通用) 解析版.doc

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