专题18 定语从句-十年(2012-2021)高考英语真题分项详解(全国通用) 解析版

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专题 18 定语从句
2021 年】
1.(2021·天津卷)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we
can learn without repeating them.
Afrom which Bin which Cwith whom Dfor whom
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习避
免重复犯错。分析句子可知,past mistakes 为现行词,_____ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句,从
句中谓语动词 can learn 可知,要从过去的错误中学习,learn from“从……中学习”,可知应用 from which 引导定
语从句。故选 A
2.(2021·天津卷)At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their
skills and teach the visitors.
Awhere Bwhich Cthat Dwhen
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在中国艺术节上有不同的展台,在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并
教给参观者。分析句子成分可知,stands 作先行词,空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰 stands ,从句中不缺
主宾表,故选关系副词,先行词 stands 在从句中作地点状语,所以应用 where。故选 A
4.2021 年浙江 1月卷)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确
形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that
people worldwide are getting heavier 28
that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
【答案】
28and
29that/which
【解析】
28.考查连词。句意:在一项对 200 个国家 33 年体重指数趋势的研究中,科学家们发现,世界各地的
人们体重越来越重,而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知,that people worldwide
are getting heavier that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是 found 引导的宾语从句,是并
列关系,故填 and
29.考查定语从句关系代词。句意:BMI 是一种国际公认的测量工具,它可以显示一个人的体重是否
1 / 17
健康。分析句子结构可知,tool 是先行词,且在从句中做主语,故填 that/which
2020 年】
1. 2020·江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
A. whose B. which C. when D. whom
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:许多课程现在都可以在网上找到,学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是
非限定性定语从句,先行词是 many lessons,关系词在从句中做介词 from 的宾语,应使用关系代词 which
引导。故选 B
3. 2020·天津卷)Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own
typing.
A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了,他现在只能自己打字。______
secretary resigned two weeks ago 是非限制性定语从句,修饰 Dr. Rowan,引导词在从句中作定语,表示“Dr.
Rowan’s ”,表示“……的” ,应用关系代词 whose 引导该从句,故选 A
3. 2020·新课标Ⅲ卷)In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:中国古代有一位画家,他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先
行词 artist,且先行词在从句中作定语,故应用关系代词 whose。故填 whose
2019 年】
1.2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. which B. what C. when D. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中
先行词为 an age(一个时代),且先行词在从句中做时间状语,所以关系词用 when 故选 C
2.2019·天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
A. why B. where C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中 she
can say individual words but not full sentences 是一the stage关系词在
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地点状语,用关系副词 where,故选 B
3.2019·新课标 I卷】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school
playground.
【答案】One afternoon
where
when
I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词 one afternoon 表示时间在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词使用
when。故where when
4.2019·新课标 II 卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield
___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
【答案】where
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词为 the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中
opened 一词的宾语,故用 which
5.2019·新课标 III 卷】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring
for these animals.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:它们他们的主人训练很好,它们的主人在照顾
。先行词为 masters(主人),且从句缺主语。故关系词填 who
6.2019·新课标 III 卷】 In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is
created for them.
【答案】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical
environment
what
that / which
is created for them.
【解析】句考查定语从句。先行词 environment 在从句中做主语,指,关系代词用 that/which。故
what that/which
7.2019·浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句,先行词是 cloth,指,从句中缺主语,此,可
以用 that which 引导。故填 that/which
8.2019·北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
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【答案】where
【解析】句意:学生在大学里做什么似里(所大学)重要。这里表所大学,表示
地点,作状语。故用 where
9.2019·北京卷】The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged()in
academic life.
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:从大学中最多的学生是那入学术生的学生。 ___3___
are totally engaged()in academic life.是定语从句,修饰先行词 those,空格处在句中作主语,代指人,
who that
2018 年】
1.2018·北京She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
A. which B. who C. as D. that
【答案】A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:和家人自行去上,这有保持健康。“____
helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句,该从句修饰整个主句,引导词在从句中做主语,故该从句应用关
系代词 which 引导。A选项正确。
2.2018·天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in
Australia.
A. whom B. that C. whose D. her
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意:凯特已经去利亚工作了。我们在大学的时,我和
姐共住。分析句子,句中先行词为 Kate,在非限定性定语从句中作sister 的定语,故用关系代词
whose。故选 C
3.2018·江苏】 Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:自动驾驶是一个中国和世界它国家都在同一起跑线领域。句中先
行词为 area,在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词 where当于 in which。故选 B
4.2018·课标 ITwo of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a
mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause).
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【答案】that which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处 a study 是先行词,在定语从句中作主语,故填 that
which
5.2018·新课标 IThey also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they
earned quite a lot by selling the fish.
【答案】 which in which where
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。他们有一个小池塘,里面养着鱼。此处 a small pond 是先行词,
在后面的定语从句中作地点状语,故用 in which where
6.2018·新课标 II The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government
_started_ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011,
fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【答案】that which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。根据空后的谓语动词 gives 可知,该空缺主语,指代 program 并且
引导后面的句子。指that/which,故填 that 或者 which
7.2018·II Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries
once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
【答案】that who
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句中定语从句,先行词是 westerners 指人,在定语从句中做主
语,用关系代词 who/that 引导,故填 who/that
2017 年】
1.2017·北京卷】The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great
inventions.
A. that B. as C. where D. when
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们在题可能______ we meet in our
daily lives 是定语从句,从句缺宾语,先行词是 problems,用 that
2.2017·In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve
worldwide starvation.
A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom
【答案】C
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【解。先行词the World Food Programme”,“
…,
whose 在定语从句中作定语,这里限定 purposes,故选 C。句意:1963 联合建立了世界粮食计划署
其目是为了解世界范围内的饥饿问题。
3.2017·天津】My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
A. that B. whose C. his D. who
【答案】B
【解析】句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是 My eldest son, 根据句意和空后词确定引导词在从
句中作定语,选项中只有 whose 修饰词作定语。故选 B
1.2016·北京 I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.
A. whose B. why C. where D. which
【答案】A
【解析】题考查定语从句的关系词。a couple 是先行词,这对夫妻孩子很吵children couple
关系,故用 whose 作定语,whose children 当于 the children of whom,故选 A
2.2016·Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase
their dreams.
A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。题定语从句的先行词是 Many young people,关系代词 whom 指代先行词,
在定语从句中作为介词 of 的宾语。句意:多年人都前往偏远地区追求它们的梦想,中大分人都是
良好。故 C正确。
3.2016·浙江】 Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______
has been proved.
A. whom B. which C. what D. that
【答案】B
【解析】句意:关于人什么哭的时流泪,科学家已经提出理论有一个被证明了。
使用定语从句,先行词是 theories,指,定语从句中用代词+介词+关系代词 which 引导。故选 B
4.2016·天津】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我们将把野餐推迟到下个星期,那时天可能会更好。使用定语从句,先行词
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next week,定语从句中不缺主宾表,缺时间状语。故选 D
2015 年】
1.(2015﹒安徽)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______ school education depends.
A. it B. that C. whose D. which
【答案】D
【解析】句意:专家认为阅读依赖基本能。it 不能导定语从that 用于
whose 作定语,depend on/upon 依靠依赖,介词后只能用 which whom 来构成
定语从句的引导词,故选 D
2.(2015﹒湖南)It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with
its winding streets and pretty cottages..
A. as B. where C. that D. which
【答案】D
【解析】根据分析,此句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是 place,在定语从句中是作主语的,所以
用关系代词引导。As 引导非限定性定语从句时要排除,选用 which。句意:这是一个
愉快的地,这里的蜿蜒小路美丽一定和 100 年前看起来是一的。故选 D
3.(2015﹒北京)Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.
A. which B.that C.when D.where
【答案】D
【解析】句意:对面是圣保罗教,在教些优美。这是一个定语从句。先行词
St. Paul’s Church,从句主谓宾成分完整,去空后是完整的句子,可推断出引导词在从句中作的是
地点状语。用 where。故选 D
4.(2015)He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.
A. whom B. which C. them D. that
【答案】B
【解析】句意:他了许多儿童,几乎一1990 左右出版。先行词是 books,定语从句中 of
宾语,故选 B项。
5.(2015浙江)Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which
【答案】C
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【 解 析 】 句 意 :创 造 一 种 雇 员感 觉 中 一 氛 围 是 一 个 大 战 ¸。 这 是 一 个 定 语从 句
in the atmosphere“氛围"是一一个搭配。此处可以是 where. 分析句子结构和结合四个选项,
这里面所要填的是连词。后空格前是一个词,这种情况首先考的是定语从句。后分析后的
句子是具整的结构(有了主语 employees 和宾语 part of a team)所以这应该是要一个状语的连词,
where,whenwhy 由于 when 用于时间,Why 用于原因下的使where,所以这里填 where是答案
有这个选项,根据搭配介词+which=where in atmosphere 搭配,不难得出答案。
6.(2015)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy
their work.
A. where B. which C. when D. who
【答案】A
【解析】句意:公司老板尽力创造一种轻松,在这种中,其员喜欢他们的工作。句中
先行词为 atmosphere,在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词 where根据句意可知选 A
7.(2015﹒四川)The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
A.which B. what C. whose D. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。题考查定语从句的关系词,先行词为 the bookscovers 在所有关
系,故选择 C,意为书的面。句意为:上的书是给我们的奖励,那书的闪闪
8.(2015﹒陕西)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to
be independent.
A. which B. where C. whom D. when
【答案】D
【解析】句意:作为家里最的孩子Alex 渴望他能独立的时间。这里使用定语从句,先
词是 the time,定语从句中缺时间状语,用关系副词 when,所以选 D
9.(2015)China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all
over the world want to learn about China.
A. who B. whom C. that D. Which
【答案】D
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。根据句式结构来看出号,说这是一个非限制性定语从句。
That 不能引导非限制性定语从句who 在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通在从句中做主语和宾语,
指人,而 whom 指人只能做宾语。Which 引导非限制性定语从句句中做主语或者宾语。
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系词代指前面的中国日报,在定语从句中做主语。该句意为:中国日报着全球的读者,这说明全球
越来越多的人想要了解中国。故选 D
10.(2015江苏)The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
A. it B. which C. what D. as
【答案】D
【解析】句意据报道者人数(过去)一就减少17%as 引导的非限制性定语从句位
灵活,可以于主句的句句中或句,指代的是整个一句。故选 D项。考生容误选 Bwhich
把逗号前面的 the number of smokers 成先行词,后面非限制性定语从句用 which 引导。不知,这里关系
The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”as
which 在定语从句都可以指代一句前者有“正如……”的意,后者as is
reported 这一用结构,类似as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said
2014 年】
1.(2014)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week ________my classmates
recommended to me.
A.who B.Which C.when D.where
【答案】B
【解析】根据干信息,定语从句的先行词为 book,定语从句中缺语,加号后为非限制性定
语从句,所以题选 B
2.(2014﹒ 福 建 )Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain
experience for growth.
A.who B.when C.which D.where
【答案】D 
【解析】句意:学生应该使他们自己参动中来,在这些活动中他们可以获得
句意可知,所词引导定语从句,先行词是 activities并且从句的主谓宾成分齐全的,且不要表
示时间,故选择 D项。
3.(2014﹒ 湖 南 )I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my
feelings for her.
A. as B. why C. when D. where
【答案】 C 
【解析】句意:我一我的能读书,能白我对感情的那一天。关系副词 when
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引导定语从句,修饰先行词 day,在从句中作时间状语。
4.(2014)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a
good impression is a must.
A.which B.When C.as D.where
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这书在我的日常流方了我是在必须下一个
的工作中。分析句子结构可知,先行词为抽象work,定语从句中缺地点状语,故用 where 引导。
5.(2014西)Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A. which B. what C. where D. when
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在水手面对的许多危险中,许最大的是。此题误选 C项,有分
清楚从句的句子成分。which 在此引导定语从句,修饰先行词 dangers,同时在从句中作 face 的宾语。
6.(2014山东)A company ________profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A.which B.whose C.who D.why
【答案】B
【解析】句意:一个来自国内在下可能会机会。 a company 是先行词,
后是定语从句,定语从句的主语是 profits,缺定语,故选 B
7.(2014﹒陕西)Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position.
A. that B. which C. as D. what
【答案】A 
【解析】先行词是 information,指,关系词在从句中及物have 的宾语,且先行词用不定代
all 修饰,关系词只能用 that,故选 A
8.(2014﹒ 四 川 )Until now, we have raised 50 000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite
unexpected.
A.that B.Which C.who D.it
【答案】B 
【解which 指代非限制性which 从句中作
到现在为,我们已经为那贫穷的孩子们筹集到了 50 000 英镑,这是完全没料到的。
9.(2014天津)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ________ uses it differently.
A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them
【答案】B 
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摘要:

专题18定语从句【2021年】1.(2021·天津卷)WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakes________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.A.fromwhichB.inwhichC.withwhomD.forwhom【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意:威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知,pastmistakes为现行词,_____wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.为定语从句,从句中谓语动词canl...

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专题18 定语从句-十年(2012-2021)高考英语真题分项详解(全国通用) 解析版.doc

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