专题09 语法填空-十年（2012-2021）高考英语真题分项详解（全国通用） 原卷版

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专题 09 语法填空
【2021 年】
1.（2021 年新高考 I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”.
____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you
see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will
____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the
temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us
____60____(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for the
people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,
still it highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____63____
(ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s
memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit!
2.（2021 年全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long
history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely
restored (修复). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of
people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time
for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___
did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it
in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the
local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines.
3.（2021 年全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from
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traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of
geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the
___62___(develop)of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted
as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it
desirable.
Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___
trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique
biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim
____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
4.（2021 年1月浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确
形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that
people worldwide are getting heavier 28
． that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 29
． gives an indication of whether someone is a
healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 30
． (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a
BMI of between 19 and 25 31
． (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32
． 2. 1 in women and men. In
cities, however, the gain 33
． (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in
the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 34
． (study)
had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and
rural people in many countries had narrowed 35
． (sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36
． (live) in the countryside, including 37
． (low) levels
of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
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5.（2021 年6月浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确
形式。
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown
Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored
（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they
bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___
（marry）ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much ___39___ （small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little
home ___40___ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house
was a reflection of ___41___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor
said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came
over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard.
___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented
the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture.
【2020 年】
1.（2020·新课标Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4
probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ___61___ (touch) down last week in
the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is ___62___ (extreme) challenging. Because the
moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the
moon in a spot ___63___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of
particular ___64___ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so ___65___ the
familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___66___ (find) and study
areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown
University, says, ＂because it ___67___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon
___68___ (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___69___ ice and other treasures it
contains, could help China decide whether ____70____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
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2.（2020·新课标Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___61___ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___62___ (carry) special significance. They represent the
earth ___63___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They
make great gifs and you see them many times ___65___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good
fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office.
___66___ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___67___ health,
abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___68___ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___69___ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds
(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are ____70____ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融
化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
3.（2020·新课标Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient China lived an artist. ___61___ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him
proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present
their ___62___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. ___63___(choose), but
when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him
to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with ___64___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ___65___ he asked the villagers on the
banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (point) down the
river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ___67___ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat
moved, ___68___ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the
water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising
from the river and the soft clouds. ___69___ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was
finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ____70____ earth, Mother Nature.
4.（2020·江苏卷）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的
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单词。
注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Humor
If you see humor as an optional form of entertainment, you’re missing some of its biggest benefits: Humor
makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining. Studies show that a good
sense of humor even makes you seem smarter.
Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in
your personal life. The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise, and that will raise your
overall energy even more.
Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles. Humor lets you better understand life and
sometimes helps you laugh at even the worst of your problems.
In my experience, most people think they have a sense of humor, and to some degree that’s true. But not all
senses of humor are created equal. So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for everyday life.
You don’t have to be the joke teller in the group in order to show your sense of humor. You can be the one who
directs the conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor. Every party needs a straight person.
You’ll appear fun and funny by association.
When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts a lot. When people see you trying to be funny, it frees them to
try it themselves. So even if your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be freeing the long kept humor in
others. People need permission to be funny in social settings because there’s always a risk that comes with humor.
For in-person humor, quality isn’t as important as you might think. Your attitude and effort count a lot.
Some people--and I was one of them--believe that humorous complaints about the little problems of life make
humor, and sometimes that is the case. The problem comes when you start doing too much complaint-based humor.
One funny observation about problem in your life can be funny, but five is just complaining, no matter how smart
you think you are. Funny complaints can wear people out.
Self-deprecating(自嘲式) humor is usually the safest type, but here again you don’t want to overshoot the
target. One self-deprecating comment is a generous and even confident form of humor. You have to be at least a bit
self-assured to laugh at yourself in front of others. But if you do it too often, you can transform in the eyes of others
from a confident joker to a Chihuahua dog.
Humor
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Benefits of humor
●Humor is form of ____71____. Humor can improve one’s___72___ and
personality.
●Humor can make one ____73____ in his work, study, and life.
●Humor has a positive____74____ effect when we are in difficulties.
____75____to follow
●____76____ others for a conversation of fun is as good as telling a joke
yourself when showing your sense of humor.
●Quality counts ____77____ than attitude and effort-even stupid joke can
____78____ others of risk and embarrassment.
Traps to ___79___
●One humorous complaint makes funny person. But too many complaints
will _____80_____ your audience.
●Self-deprecating comments show one’s assurance. But too much
deprecation will make a Chihuahua dog.
5.（2020·山东卷）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th
centuries, ___36___ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept
their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The
80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___38___ (form) the core collection of the British
Museum ___39___ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ___40___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a
museum’s collection ___4 1 ___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can
play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ___42___ (they) living at a different time in history or
___43___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and
people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___44___ (accurate) is important but so
is entertainment. Museums must compete ____45____people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most
museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
6.（2020·浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ___56___
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，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ___57___ could be hunted or
gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person ___58___ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more
children. And，as more children were born，more food ___59___(need). Agriculture gave people their first
experience of the power of technology ___60___(change)lives.
By about 6000 BC，people ___61___ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they
learned to work with the ___62___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， ___63___ (make)use
of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with ___64___ rise of science，changes began. New
methods _____65_____ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have
accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that
started in the Stone Age.
【2019 年】
1. 【2019·全国卷 I】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While
they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as
James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been
___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,
and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut
___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that
populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be
congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high)
than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six
___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
2. 【2019·全国卷 II】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-
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still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,
___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged
after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___
(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and
seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___
because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as
to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we
got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter
and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”
3. 【2019·全国卷 III】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would
take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained
by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their
experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to
eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting
___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many
___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our
week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the
stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
4. 【2019·浙江卷】
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart.
The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody
8 / 22
___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be
useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the
jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___
(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study
in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some
students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) between
uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some
very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of
British secondary schools wear uniforms.
5. 【2019·北京卷】
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的
空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my
biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20
years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ___2___
(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
B
Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about
environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries
and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on
Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are
endless.
C
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that，for
most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. The
students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. taking full
9 / 22
advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)，Students should have a proper attitude towards college
before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy
and ___10___(meaning)college experience.
【2018 年】
1.【2018·全国卷 I】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners.
You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce
your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at
lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published
in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths
from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it’s probably running. To avoid knee
pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good
running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only
half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
2.【2018·全国卷 I I】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___（grow）more
corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has
increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens,
pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice
___64___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ___65___ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This
switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer
for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer
consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ___68___
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摘要：

专题09语法填空【2021年】1.（2021年新高考I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.____56____issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe____57____(human)are....

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