专题04 三大从句(定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句)(解析版)

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【查补知识漏洞·通关练】
专题 04 三大从句(定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句)
(解析版)
考点 1 定语从句
一、单项选择
12023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题)A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your
heart.
Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dwhose
【答案】A
【详解】句意:一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,故选 A
22023·辽宁营口·中考真题)The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new
tourist attraction.
Awhich Bwho Cwhom Dwhere
【答案】A
【详解】句意:去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅游景点。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,“...was completed last year”是作定语修饰 The Aerospace Square,所以是定
语从句,先行词是物,空处在句中作主语,所以用关系词 which 引导。故选 A
32022·内蒙古·中考真题)What kind of movies do you like?
—I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about.
Awho Bthat Cwhat D/
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢能让我思考的电影。
考查 that 引导的定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是 movies,指物,引导词在从句中作主语,用 that
导定语从句。故选 B
42022·辽宁阜新·中考真题)Mom is waiting. Can we set off now?
—Just a minute. I can’t find the shoes ________ I bought last week.
Athat Bwho Cwhat Dwho
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——妈妈在等待。我们现在可以出发了吗?——等一下。我找不到我上周买的鞋了。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是“the shoes”,指物,引导词在从句中作宾语,所以用 that
which,结合选项,故选 A
52023·新疆·中考真题)Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door
cooking to save time.
Athat Bthose Cwhich D/
【答案】A
【详解】句意:为了节省时间,很多 95 后的中国年轻人都采用上门做饭的方式。
考查定语从句引导词。that 引导定语从句时,先行词是人/物,在句中作主语或宾语;those 那些,指示代词;
which 引导定语从句时,先行词是物,在句中作主语或宾语;/不填。空后“...were born after 1995”在句中
作定语修饰名词,先行词 Chinese young people,指人,且空处在句中作主语,所以用 who 引导,故选 A
二、完成句子
62023·贵州·中考真题)中国科学家屠呦呦发现了一种治疗疟疾的有效药物。
Tu Youyou is the Chinese scientist an effective drug against malaria.
【答案】 who/that discovered
【详解】此处含定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,用 who/that 引导定语从句;discover“
现”,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时。故填 who/thatdiscovered
72022·内蒙古通辽·中考真题)孔子是一位著名的哲学家,他的至理名言对不同国家的许多人产生了影
响。
Confucius was a famous philosopher wise sayings have many people in different countries.
【答案】 whose affected
【详解】第一空为关系代词,引导定语从句,修饰先行词 a famous philosopher,且关系代词在句中作定语,
故第一空应为 whoseaffect“影响”,动词,第二空考查现在完成时,结构是 have/has done,故 affect 用其
过去分词形式。故填 whoseaffected
82021·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)I will ask someone. Someone likes serious movies. (改为定语从句)
I will ask someone serious movies.
【答案】 who likes
【详解】句意:我会问某人。某人喜欢严肃的电影。本句先行词是 someone,指人,引导词可用 who,在
从句中作主语,likes 作谓语动词。故填 wholikes
92020·甘肃金昌·中考真题)I've finished reading a book. The book was written by O·Henry.(合并为一
句)
I've finished reading a book written by O·Henry.
【答案】which was/that was
【详解】句意:我读完了一本书。这本书是欧亨利写的。两个句子合并为一句可以改为一个定语从句,先
行词是 a book,指物,在从句中作主语,关系词用 which/that。根据 by O·Henry,可知,从句要用被动语态
be done 的结构,陈述过去发生的事情且先行词 book 是单数,所以 be 动词用 was, 故填 which/that was
102020·四川达州·中考真题)That is his old house. He lived there for twenty years. (合并为一句)
That is his old house he lived for twenty years.
【答案】 in which
【详解】句意:那是他的老房子。他在那里住了二十年。
根据句子结构,原句可以合并为一个定语从句。先行词 house,在从句中作地点状语,可以用关系词 where
in which,结合所给空格数量,此空应填 in which。故答案为 in which
一、定义:修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句
(被修饰的名词和代词叫先行词)
The woman who is the most important in my life is my mother.
The woman→先行词
who→关系词
who is the most important in my life→定语从句
二、引导词/关系词
1.先行词为物 → that/which 引导
2.先行词为人 → that/who/whom 引导
注:whom 只作宾语(宾语:动宾,宾)
She is the girl who/whom/ that I saw yesterday.
注:
that先行词可为人、物
关系代词作宾语,可省
3.whose 先行词为人或物, 示所
The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.
The room whose window is open is mine.
易错点(先行词为物时)
1)只能用 that
a. 先行词有数词修饰时
It is the first book that I like.
b.先行词有形最高级修饰时。
This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.
b. 先行词含为不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。
不定代词:everything, anythingall, any, much, many, none, the one...
Is there anything that you want to buy?
c. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 等词修饰。
先行词为人,且作主语→用 that/who
先行词为人,且作宾语→用 that/who/whom
This is the only bike that I have.
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时。
I can remember the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
2)只能用 which
a. 先行词为 that, those 时。
What’s that which is under the desk?
b. 关系代词词时。
This is the room in which he lives.
c. 非限制性定语从句(释说明),只用 which (逗号)
He plays football well, which we know.
四、关系词引导的定语从句
关系词可代的先行词是时间、地点或理的名词,在从句中作状语。
*when, where, why
I still remember the day when you left for Beijing. 仍然记得你去北京的那一天。
Beijing is the place where I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why he refused our offer? 是他拒绝我们帮助他的理?
注意:关系=+which
比如This is the place where we grow up.
This is the place in which we grow up.
Do you remember the day when you went to Xiamen.
Do you remember the day on which you went to Xiamen.
一、单项选择
12024·苏徐·Which one is your Maths teacher?
—Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses.
Awho Bwhich Cwhat Dwhere
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——一个是你的数学老?——在那里那个戴着副圆眼镜个子人。
考查定语从句关系词。who 引导定语从句,在句中作主语/宾语,先行词是人;which 引导定语从句,在句
中作主语/宾语,先行词是物;what 不能引导定语从句;where 引导定语从句,在句中作地点状语,其前面
示地点的先行词。分析句子可知,空后句子作定语修饰名词 the tall man,空处在句中作主语,且先行
词是人,所以用 who,故选 A
22024·安徽芜湖·Dad, do you know that Pan Zhanle broke the world record in the men’s 100-
metre freestyle?
— That’s amazing. There are many other Chinese athletes like him. Success often comes to those ________ work
hard and never give up!
Ahow Bwhat Cwhich Dwho
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——爸爸,你知道潘展乐打破100 米自由泳世界纪录吗?——太棒了。他这
的中国员还有很多。成功往往属于那些努力工作、放弃的人
考查定语从句。how 怎样what 什么;which 一个;who 。分析句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,
先行词 those 指代前文提到的“像潘展乐的中国”,指人,在从句中作主语,关系词用 who,故
D
32024·吉林长春·This is Jilin Province Museum ________ I have visited several times.
Athat Bwhen Cwhat Dwho
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这是我参观几次吉林
考查定语从句。根据“This is Jilin Province Museum ... I have visited several times”可知,句子是定语从句,
先行词 Jilin Province Museum 指物,且在从句中作宾语,关系词用 that。故选 A
42024·安徽铜陵·Do you want to watch the football game this Sunday?
—I think the first thing ________ you should do is to buy tickets to the game soon.
Awho Bwhich Cthat Dwhose
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这个星期天你想看足球赛吗?——我为你应做的第一尽快比赛
考查定语从句。who which 一个;that 在动词或名词后引导从句,无实义;whose 的。先行词
thing”指物,且有数词修饰,关系词应用 that。故选 C
52024·山东滨·Being blind is something ________ most people can’t imagine.
Athat Bwhat Cwho Dwhom
【答案】A
【详解】句意:失明多数人无法想象的事情。
考查定语从句。根据题,先行词是合不定代词 something,指物,在定语从句中作宾语。先行词为
合不定代词时,指物只能用 that。故选 A
62024·苏宿迁·The shoes ________ I had just bought was broken after playing basketball.
Awhose Bwhom Cwho Dwhich
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我买的那鞋在打篮球就坏了。
考查定语从句的引导词。whose 的,作定语;whom ,指人,作宾语;who ,指人,作主/宾语;
which 个,指物,作主/宾语。定语从句先行词是 shoes,指物,且关系词在从句中作宾语,应用 which
导。故选 D
摘要:

【查补知识漏洞·通关练】专题04三大从句(定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句)(解析版)考点1定语从句一、单项选择1.(2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题)Atruefriendisaperson________reachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose【答案】A【详解】句意:一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,故选A。2.(2023·辽宁营口·中考真题)TheAerospaceSquare________wascompletedlastyear...

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