Spectral shaping of an ultrafast modelocked Ytterbium ﬁber laser output through a passive intracavity optical ﬁlter a simple and reliable route to sub-45 fs pulses

2025-05-03 0 0 534.6KB 5 页 10玖币

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Spectral shaping of an ultrafast modelocked Ytterbium

ﬁber laser output through a passive intracavity optical

ﬁlter; a simple and reliable route to sub-45 fs pulses

NICHOLAS D. COOPER1, UYEN M. TA1,AND MELANIE A. R. REBER1,*

1Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, 140 Cedar Street, Athens GA 30602, USA

*Corresponding author: mreber@uga.edu

Compiled October 4, 2022

Here we investigate the use of passive intracavity optical ﬁlters for controlling the laser output spectrum

of a polarization-mode-locked, ultrafast Ytterbium ﬁber laser. With strategic placement of the ﬁlter cutoff

frequency, the overall lasing bandwidth can be increased or extended. Overall laser performance, includ-

ing pulse compression and intensity noise, is investigated for both shortpass and longpass ﬁlters with a

range of cutoff frequencies, tuned by rotating the ﬁlters. We demonstrate the use of an intracavity ﬁlter

not only shapes the output spectra, it provides a route for overall broader bandwidths and shorter pulses

in Yb:ﬁber lasers. These results demonstrate that spectral shaping is a useful tool to routinely achieve

sub-45 fs pulse durations in Yb:ﬁber lasers.

1. INTRODUCTION

Ultrashort pulses are desirable for a range of applications, includ-

ing time-resolved spectroscopy, microscopy, and even optical

machining. The design of lasers with increasingly shorter pulses

is an active area of research even 40 years after the ﬁrst ultrafast

(sub-picosecond) laser was reported. Ti:Sapphire lasers, with a

broad, ﬂat gain bandwidth, are still the standard laser for gen-

erating sub 100-fs and even sub 10-fs ultrafast pulses; sub-10 fs

lasers are now commercially available from multiple companies.

However, Ti:sapphire lasers are energy intensive and environ-

mentally sensitive, a result of the free-space layout and required

high pump intensity. Rare earth-doped ﬁber lasers are an at-

tractive alternative, since they are inherently more stable and

require signiﬁcantly less pump power. These lasers are ﬂexible

and versatile systems for the formation of ultrashort broadband

pulses[

], precision CW lasers, and even exotic structures like

stabilized soliton pulses [

]. The gain bandwidth of rare-earth

doped ﬁber is not as large and ﬂat as the Ti:Sapphire gain band-

width, so it is generally challenging to obtain sub-100 fs pulses;

they have not yet replaced Ti:Sapphire lasers in ultrafast laser

labs. Ytterbium-doped ﬁber is still attractive as gain medium

given the relatively broad (100-150 nm) gain bandwidth, and

small quantum defect for efﬁcient pumping[4].

The shortest Ytterbium:ﬁber laser pulses have been achieved

by managing the intracavity dispersion. Ilday et al achieved

36 fs pulses by optimizing the dispersion in the laser, which

was about 30% higher than the transform limit[

]. They used

a grating compressor inside the laser cavity to compensate for

the intracavity Group Delay Dispersion (GDD). This oscillator

design is now one of the standard ytterbium ﬁber laser designs

used by several groups[

]. With a similar laser design, Zhou et.

al. measured 28 fs pulses, the biggest difference being external

prism compressors instead of grating compressors[

]. Both of

these papers mention how difﬁcult it is to ﬁnd the right mode-

locking regime that can achieve the shortest pulses, even with

dispersion compensation. Work by Nugent-Glandorf et al on the

RIN of these type of modelocked Yb:ﬁber lasers demonstrated

the lowest noise is found around zero net cavity dispersion

and the RIN increases as the laser moved into the normal (or

anomalous) regime[6].

In published Yb:ﬁber laser spectra, the lasing bandwidth is

smaller than the Yb emission proﬁle, to the best of our knowl-

edge. All of the components in the laser, including the wave-

plates and optical isolator, have transmission curves that aren’t

perfectly ﬂat or matched, creating a complex cavity loss proﬁle

without a direct way to control or correct the spectra. With-

out a direct way to control the spectra, it is often an endless

search of turning waveplates to switch mode-locking regimes or

swapping out components and ﬁber. An intracavity optical ﬁlter

provides a way to control the cavity loss, which will affect the

optical spectra of the laser. This work investigates operation of a

ytterbium-doped ﬁber laser with an intracavity bandpass ﬁlter

to investigate the utility for achieving ultrashort pulses and the

overall effect on laser performance.

Optical ﬁlters have been used in laser cavities for some time,

most often to tune the wavelength, especially in ﬁber lased

arXiv:2210.00083v1 [physics.optics] 30 Sep 2022

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摘要：

SpectralshapingofanultrafastmodelockedYtterbiumberlaseroutputthroughapassiveintracavityopticallter;asimpleandreliableroutetosub-45fspulsesNICHOLASD.COOPER1,UYENM.TA1,ANDMELANIEA.R.REBER1,*1DepartmentofChemistry,UniversityofGeorgia,140CedarStreet,AthensGA30602,USA*Correspondingauthor:mreber@uga.edu...

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Spectral shaping of an ultrafast modelocked Ytterbium ﬁber laser output through a passive intracavity optical ﬁlter a simple and reliable route to sub-45 fs pulses

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