New Riders -- The Zope Book

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The Zope Book

By Amos Latteier and Michel Pelletier

This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication

License, v1.0 or later (the latest version is presently available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).

Table of Contents

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................1

Why Should I Read this Book?...............................................................................................................1

How the Book Is Organized....................................................................................................................1

Part I: Introducing Zope.............................................................................................................1

Part II: Creating Web Applications with Zope..........................................................................2

Part III: Developing Advanced Web Applications with Zope...................................................2

Conventions Used in This Book.............................................................................................................3

This book uses the following typographical conventions:.........................................................3

Chapter 1: Introducing Zope.............................................................................................................................4

What Is Zope?.........................................................................................................................................4

Powerful Collaboration...........................................................................................................................5

Simple Content Management..................................................................................................................5

Web Components....................................................................................................................................5

Zope History...........................................................................................................................................6

Who Can Benefit from Zope?.................................................................................................................6

How Can You Benefit From Zope?........................................................................................................6

What Zope Gives You............................................................................................................................7

Zope Alternatives....................................................................................................................................8

Zope Community....................................................................................................................................8

Chapter 2: Using Zope........................................................................................................................................9

Downloading Zope..................................................................................................................................9

Installing Zope........................................................................................................................................9

Installing Zope for Windows.....................................................................................................9

Downloading Linux and Solaris Binaries..................................................................................9

Getting Zope in RPM and deb format.....................................................................................10

Compiling Zope from Source Code.........................................................................................10

Starting Zope.........................................................................................................................................10

Starting Zope On Windows.....................................................................................................11

Starting Zope on UNIX............................................................................................................11

Logging In.............................................................................................................................................11

Controlling Zope with Management Interface......................................................................................12

Using the Navigator..............................................................................................................................12

Using The Workspace...........................................................................................................................13

Understanding Users in Zope................................................................................................................13

Creating Users.......................................................................................................................................14

Changing Logins...................................................................................................................................15

Creating Objects....................................................................................................................................15

Moving Objects ....................................................................................................................................16

Undoing Mistakes.................................................................................................................................17

Undo Details and Gotchas....................................................................................................................18

Administering and Monitoring Zope....................................................................................................18

Using the Help System.........................................................................................................................19

Browsing and Searching Help .............................................................................................................20

Starting with the Zope Tutorial ............................................................................................................21

Chapter 3: Using Basic Zope Objects.............................................................................................................22

Using Zope Folders...............................................................................................................................22

Managing Folder Contents....................................................................................................................23

Importing and Exporting Objects..........................................................................................................23

Table of Contents

Using Zope Documents ........................................................................................................................24

DTML Documents................................................................................................................................24

Creating DTML Documents.................................................................................................................25

Editing DTML Documents...................................................................................................................25

Uploading an HTML File.....................................................................................................................26

Remote Editing with FTP, WebDAV, and PUT...................................................................................26

Uploading Documents and Files with WS_FTP...................................................................................27

Editing Zope Objects with Emacs.........................................................................................................28

Editing DTML Documents with WebDAV..........................................................................................29

Reviewing Changes to Documents.......................................................................................................30

Viewing DTML Documents.................................................................................................................30

Calling Through the Web........................................................................................................31

Calling from Another Object...................................................................................................31

Using Zope Files...................................................................................................................................32

Uploading Files.....................................................................................................................................32

Viewing Files........................................................................................................................................33

Using Zope Images ..............................................................................................................................33

Viewing Images with HTML................................................................................................................33

Viewing Images Through the Web.......................................................................................................34

Using Object Properties........................................................................................................................34

Coding Logic with Scripts...................................................................................................................36

Using Methods .....................................................................................................................................37

Comparing DTML Documents and Methods.......................................................................................39

Using Versions......................................................................................................................................40

Cache Manager.....................................................................................................................................42

Adding a Cache Manager......................................................................................................................43

Caching a Document.............................................................................................................................44

Virtual Hosting Objects........................................................................................................................44

Sending mail with MailHost.................................................................................................................45

Chapter 4: Dynamic Content with DTML.....................................................................................................46

Who is DTML For?..............................................................................................................................46

What is DTML Good for?.....................................................................................................................46

When Not to Use DTML......................................................................................................................47

DTML Tag Syntax................................................................................................................................48

Using DTML Tag Attributes...................................................................................................48

Inserting Variables with DTML............................................................................................................49

Processing Input from Forms................................................................................................................50

Dynamically Acquiring Content...........................................................................................................51

Using Python Expressions from DTML...............................................................................................53

DTML Expression Gotchas.....................................................................................................54

The Var Tag..........................................................................................................................................55

Var Tag Attributes...................................................................................................................55

Var Tag Entity Syntax.............................................................................................................56

The If Tag.............................................................................................................................................56

Here's an example condition:...................................................................................................56

Name and Expression Syntax Differences...............................................................................57

Else and Elif Tags....................................................................................................................57

Using Cookies with the If Tag..............................................................................................................58

The In Tag.............................................................................................................................................59

Iterating over Folder Contents.................................................................................................59

Table of Contents

In Tag Special Variables..........................................................................................................61

Chapter 5: Creating Basic Zope Applications................................................................................................63

Building Applications with Folders......................................................................................................63

Calling Objects on Folders with URLs ...................................................................................63

The Special Folder Object index_html....................................................................................64

Building the Zope Zoo Website............................................................................................................64

Navigating the Zoo..................................................................................................................64

Adding a Front Page to the Zoo...............................................................................................66

Improving Navigation..............................................................................................................67

Factoring out Style Sheets.......................................................................................................69

Creating a File Library.............................................................................................................70

Building a Guest Book.............................................................................................................72

Extending the Guest Book to Generate XML..........................................................................76

The Next Step.......................................................................................................................................77

Chapter 6: Users and Security.........................................................................................................................78

Introducing Security..............................................................................................................................78

Logging in and Logging Out of Zope......................................................................................78

Authentication and Authorization............................................................................................78

Authentication and Managing Users.....................................................................................................79

Creating Users in User Folders................................................................................................79

Editing Users............................................................................................................................80

Defining a User's Location......................................................................................................80

Working with Alternative User Folders ..................................................................................81

Special User Accounts.............................................................................................................82

Authorization and Managing Security..................................................................................................84

Working with Roles.................................................................................................................85

Defining Roles.........................................................................................................................85

Understanding Local Roles......................................................................................................86

Understanding Permissions......................................................................................................86

Defining Security Policies.......................................................................................................87

Security Policy Acquisition.....................................................................................................88

Security Usage Patterns........................................................................................................................88

Security Rules of Thumb.........................................................................................................88

Global and Local Policies........................................................................................................89

Delegating Control to Local Managers....................................................................................89

Different Levels of Access with Roles....................................................................................90

Controlling Access to Locations with Roles............................................................................91

Performing Security Checks.................................................................................................................91

Advanced Security Issues: Ownership and Executable Content..........................................................92

The Problem: Trojan Horse Attacks........................................................................................92

Managing Ownership...............................................................................................................93

Roles of Executable Content....................................................................................................94

Proxy Roles..............................................................................................................................94

Summary...............................................................................................................................................95

Chapter 7: Variables and Advanced DTML..................................................................................................96

How Variables are Looked up..............................................................................................................96

DTML Namespaces..............................................................................................................................97

DTML Client Object ...............................................................................................................98

Table of Contents

DTML Request Object.............................................................................................................99

Rendering Variables..............................................................................................................101

Modifying the DTML Namespace......................................................................................................101

In Tag Namespace Modifications..........................................................................................101

The With Tag.........................................................................................................................101

The Let Tag............................................................................................................................102

DTML Namespace Utility Functions .................................................................................................103

DTML Security...................................................................................................................................105

Safe Scripting Limits.............................................................................................................106

Advanced DTML Tags.......................................................................................................................106

The Call Tag.......................................................................................................................................106

The Comment Tag..............................................................................................................................107

The Tree Tag.......................................................................................................................................107

The Return Tag...................................................................................................................................110

The Sendmail Tag...............................................................................................................................110

The Mime Tag.....................................................................................................................................111

The Unless Tag...................................................................................................................................112

Batch Processing With The In Tag.....................................................................................................113

Exception Handling Tags....................................................................................................................115

The Raise Tag........................................................................................................................115

The Try Tag...........................................................................................................................115

Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................118

Chapter 8: Advanced Zope Scripting...........................................................................................................119

Zope Scripts........................................................................................................................................119

Calling Scripts.....................................................................................................................................119

Calling Scripts From the Web...............................................................................................120

Calling Scripts from other Objects........................................................................................121

Passing Parameters to Scripts................................................................................................123

Script Security.....................................................................................................................................127

The Zope API......................................................................................................................................127

Using Python−based Scripts...............................................................................................................128

The Python Language............................................................................................................128

Creating Python−based Scripts..............................................................................................129

String Processing...................................................................................................................131

Doing Math............................................................................................................................132

Binding Variables..................................................................................................................132

Print Statement Support.........................................................................................................133

Security Restrictions..............................................................................................................134

Built−in Functions.................................................................................................................134

Using External Methods.....................................................................................................................135

Processing XML with External Methods...............................................................................139

External Method Gotchas......................................................................................................140

Using Perl−based Scripts....................................................................................................................141

The Perl Language.................................................................................................................141

Creating Perl−based Scripts...................................................................................................141

Perl−based Script Security.....................................................................................................142

DTML versus Python versus Perl.......................................................................................................142

Remote Scripting and Network Services............................................................................................143

Using XML−RPC..................................................................................................................143

Remote Scripting with HTTP................................................................................................144

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TheZopeBookByAmosLatteierandMichelPelletierCopyright©2000byNewRidersPublishingThismaterialmaybedistributedonlysubjecttothetermsandconditionssetforthintheOpenPublicationLicense,v1.0orlater(thelatestversionispresentlyavailableathttp://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).TableofContentsIntroduction.............

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New Riders -- The Zope Book

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