Hyperuniformity in Type-II Superconductors with Point and Planar Defects Joaqu n Puig Jazm n Arag on S anchez Gladys Nieva Alejandro B. Kolton and Yanina Fasano1 1Centro At omico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro CNEA

2025-05-08 0 0 755.94KB 4 页 10玖币
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Hyperuniformity in Type-II Superconductors with Point and Planar Defects
Joaqu´ın Puig, Jazm´ın Arag´on S´anchez, Gladys Nieva, Alejandro B. Kolton and Yanina Fasano∗1
1Centro At´omico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro, CNEA,
CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
(Dated: today)
We use vortex matter in type-II superconductors as a playground to study how different types of
disorder affect the long wavelength density fluctuations of the system. We find that irrespective of
the vortex-vortex interaction, in the case of samples with weak and dense point defects the system
presents the hidden order of hyperuniformity characterized by an algebraic suppression of density
fluctuations when increasing the system size. We also reveal that, on the contrary, for samples
with planar defects hyperuniformity is suppressed since density fluctuations have a tendency to
unboundedness on increasing the system size. Although some of these results were known from
previous works, this paper makes the fundamental discovery that the ability of planar disorder to
suppress hyperuniformity grows on increasing the softness of the structure for more diluted systems.
PACS numbers:
I. INTRODUCTION
Vortex matter in type-II superconducting samples is a
system of interacting elastic objects that can be used as a
laboratory playground to study the growth of hyperuni-
form materials nucleated in host media with disorder.1,2
The quest for hyperuniform material systems is currently
attracting great interest in the condensed matter and ma-
terials science communities due to their unique physical
properties. Hyperuniform materials are endowed with a
novel phenomenology that goes against the conventional
wisdom on the effect of structural disorder in systems of
interacting objects.3–5 For instance, disordered hyperuni-
form two-dimensional silica structures present a closing of
bandgaps for electrical transport resulting in an enhanced
conductivity.6Also, disordered hyperuniform materials
posses complete photonic bandgaps blocking all direc-
tions and polarizations for short wavelengths,3,7,8 in con-
trast to previous assumptions that periodic or quasiperi-
odic order was a prerequisite for a material to present
this optical property.
Hyperuniformity is a topological property of a state of
matter that is characterized by strongly-reduced long-
wavelength density fluctuations entailing a decaying
structure factor S(q) for small wave-vectors q. The den-
sity of constituents in hyperuniform systems is homoge-
neous at large scales, as in a perfect lattice, but it can
present fluctuations at short length scales as in a disor-
dered structure.5,9 Hyperuniformity is a structural prop-
erty defined in an asymptotic limit and ascertaining this
property in real systems is thus difficult. For this reason
most works show that the systems are effectively hyper-
uniform.10
The structure factor can be directly measured using
different X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques de-
pending on the typical lattice spacing of the systems. An
alternative way of obtaining this magnitude is to com-
pute it from the real-space positions of the individual
constituents considering that S(q) = |ˆρ(qx, qy)|2, with ˆρ
the Fourier transform of the local density modulation ρ.
In this work we use this approach to study the occurrence
of hyperuniformity in vortex matter nucleated in super-
conducting samples with point and planar crystal defects.
The nature of disorder unavoidably present in the host
medium affects whether the nucleated structure is hype-
runiform or non-hyperuniform. In the case of samples
with weak and dense point disorder, some of us revealed
that the vortex structure nucleated in the cuprate super-
conductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δis effectively hyperuniform
at the sample surface.1Later studies report that disor-
dered hyperuniform vortex structures are nucleated in
pnictide2and Fe-based11 superconductors with point dis-
order. Nevertheless, we recently found that the presence
of planar correlated defects suppress hyperuniformity in
the vortex structure in an anisotropic fashion.12 Thus,
attention to the nature of disorder in the host medium
has to be payed in the search for novel hyperuniform ma-
terials composed of interacting objects.
Another relevant parameter that enters into play when
trying to nucleate hyperuniform structures is the magni-
tude of the interaction between constituents that when
enhanced will tend to decrease the density fluctuations
irrespective of the nature of disorder in the medium. In
our case, the vortex density is controlled by the applied
field since the lattice spacing a0∝(B)−1/2and, in addi-
tion, the interaction between vortices becomes larger on
increasing field. In this work we study how a softening
of the vortex structure affects the density fluctuations
at long wavelengths or short wavevectors for point and
correlated disorder in the samples.
II. EXPERIMENTAL
We image the structure with single vortex resolution
at the surface of the samples by means of the magnetic
decoration experiments13 performed at 4.2 K after fol-
lowing a field-cooling process.14 As demonstrated previ-
ously, during this cooling process the vortex structure
gets frozen at length-scales of the lattice spacing at a
arXiv:2210.09488v1 [cond-mat.supr-con] 18 Oct 2022
摘要：

HyperuniformityinType-IISuperconductorswithPointandPlanarDefectsJoaqunPuig,JazmnAragonSanchez,GladysNieva,AlejandroB.KoltonandYaninaFasano11CentroAtomicoBarilocheandInstitutoBalseiro,CNEA,CONICETandUniversidadNacionaldeCuyo,8400SanCarlosdeBariloche,Argentina(Dated:today)Weusevortexmatterinty...

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