专题14 阅读理解七选五-五年（2019-2023）高考英语真题分项汇编（解析版）

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五年（2019-2023）年高考英语真题分项汇编

专题 14 阅读理解七选五（解析版）

〖2023 年高考真题题组〗

【2023▪新高考 I卷】

Personal Forgiveness

Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err ( 犯错) is

human. 16 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.

In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 17 Are you caring? Creative?

Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your

personality that you’re proud of.

At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve

done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing

without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 18

You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 19 That way, you could exchange

thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t

wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.

It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The

thing is, it’s true. 20 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop

and grow.

A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.

B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.

C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.

D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.

E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.

F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.

G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.

【答案】16. D17. B18. F19. C20. G

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通

过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。

16.根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about

them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，

作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the

following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。 )”中的

“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项 D“It’s just as important to

show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。

故选 D。

17.根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上

写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be

around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱

心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你

个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项 B“Now list all the

characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文

内容具体解释那些是优点。故选 B。

18.根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the

positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework,

when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring

day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可

能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤

饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项 F“Whatever it is, no matter how

small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一

致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选 F。

19. 根据空后内容 “ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the

aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与

众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交

换意见等。选项 C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.( 他们甚至可能想试一试做练

习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your

list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选

项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-

confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信

的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选 C。

20.根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but

their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是

陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项 G“Whatever the mistake,

remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.( 不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一

面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and

learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.( 我们一直在改变和学习，错误是

一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来

成长。故选 G。

【2023▪新高考 II 卷】

As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art

journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete

beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.

▪Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration

and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 16 You’ll want to look back on your journey to

see how far you’ve come.

▪Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether

you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 17

▪Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 18 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to

the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every

day for a month and post the works online.

▪ 19 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback ( 反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social

media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my

level of artistic ability.

The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 20 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You

will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.

A. Get out of your comfort zone.

B. Make career plans and set goals.

C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.

D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.

E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.

F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.

G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.

【答案】16. C17. G18. A19. D20. E

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。

16. 根据前文 “ Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook ( 素描本) for small studies. These small studies

provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ( 从小开始。我建议使

用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的

跳板)”以及后文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下

自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本

进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以 C项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要

扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选 C项。

17.分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better

way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint

from life as much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。

无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断

练习绘画，所以 G项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐

渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选 G项。

18.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文

“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic

growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走

出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选 A项。

19.分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反

馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people.

They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈

对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水

平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以 D项

“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是

本段的中心句。故选 D项。

20.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文 “The

journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ( 你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路 )” 以及后文 “Push

through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. ( 坚持下去，给它时

间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged

at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选 E项。

【2023▪全国甲卷】

Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person

Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?

There’s one answer. 36 .

In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,

research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.

●Practice gratitude (感激)

Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.

37 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.

● Make yourself wait

Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research

suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit

of waiting is to practice. 38 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes

before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to

other, more annoying situations.

● 39 .

So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we

experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to

say to yourself, “ 40 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.

A. Find your causes

B. Start with small tasks

C. Accept the uncomfortable

D. All this adds up to a state of hurry

E. It can also help us practice more patience

F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable

G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience

【答案】36. G 37. E 38. B 39. C 40. F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。

36.根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in

common? There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案

只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要

耐心。故 G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选 G。

37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even

more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文

““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加

州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可

知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中 It 指代上文 Thankfulness。故

E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选 E。

38.根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯

一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra

minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10 分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可

知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故 B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，

故选 B。

39.根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and

when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们

中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐

心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与

接受不舒适相关，C选项中 uncomfortable 对应后文 comfortable。故 C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故

选C。

40.根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then

gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，

本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故 F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故

选F。

【2023▪全国乙卷】

Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung

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五年（2019-2023）年高考英语真题分项汇编专题14阅读理解七选五（解析版）〖2023年高考真题题组〗【2023▪新高考I卷】PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯错)ishuman.16Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”17Are...

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