2008年12月英语四级真题

VIP免费

2024-12-26 0 0 32.07KB 12 页 5.9玖币

侵权投诉

2008 年12 月英语四级考试真题

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Limiting the

Use of Disposable Plastic Bag. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given

below.

1.一次性塑料袋的使用

2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题

3.限制一次性塑料袋的意义

Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15

minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the

questions on Answer Sheet 1.

For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D].

For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

That’s enough, kids

It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two

children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to

the ground.

“I’d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he’d shoved,” she

says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ’No, we don’t

push,” What happened next was unexpected.

“The boy’s mother ran toward me from across the park,” Stella says,” I thought she was

coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I

did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did

whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?”

Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people’s

children has become a minefield.

In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister’s house it’s encouraged. For

her, it’s about kids being kids: “If you can’t do it at three, when can you do it?”

Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt’s

house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine. That’s OK between

sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you’re talking to the children of friends or

acquaintances.

“Kids aren’t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University.” But

there is still an idea that they’re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of

ourselves, so if you’re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that’s somehow a

criticism of me.”

In those circumstances, it’s difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the

parent first. There are two schools of thought.

“I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet

reminder that ’we don’t do that here’ is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to

behave in different settings.”

He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could

cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.

This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with

the parents if they’re there and ask them to deal with it,” she says.

Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:

“Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks

with something like: ’I know you’ll think I’m silly but in my house I don’t want…’”

When it comes to situations where you’re caring for another child, white is straightforward:

“common sense must prevail. If things don’t go well, then have a chat.”

There’re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is

no longer appropriate. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate

about how we handle children.”

For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules

are different now from when today’s parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared of

saying: ’don’t swear’, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They’re worried that there will be

conflict if they point these things out – either from older children, or their parents.”

He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy ( 礼貌), and says

that adults suffer form it as much as child.

Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in

which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people

are perceived to finish last.”

“It’s about what I’m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kid came

home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, ‘you probably deserved it’. Are

over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”

This jumping to our children’s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells”

feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. You know that if you

remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. It’s admirable to be

protective of our kids, but is it good?

“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,”

White says. “I suspect that it’s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the

school –better –educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.”

White believes our notions of a more child-centered, it’ a way of talking about treating our

children like commodities(商品). We’re centered on them but in ways that reflect positively on us.

We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of,

rather than serve the best interests of the children.”

One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap

to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi’ intervention( 干预 ) on her son’ behalf ended in an

undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy’ mother.

As Bianchi approached the park bench where she’d been sitting, other mums came up to her

and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for

bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”

Andrew Fuller doesn’t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people’s kids.

“look at kids that aren’t your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He recommends that we don’t

stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.

1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy’s mother to do when she talked to him?

A) make an apology

B) come over to intervene

C) discipline her own boy

D) take her own boy away

2. What does the author say about dealing with other people’s children?

A) it’s important not to hurt them in any way

B) it’s no use trying to stop their wrongdoing

C) it’s advisable to treat them as one’s own kids

D) it’s possible for one to get into lots of trouble

3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one’s kids are criticized, their

parents will probably feel___________________________

A) discouraged

B) hurt

C) puzzled

D) overwhelmed

4. What should one do when seeing other people’s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?

A) talk to them directly in a mild way

B) complain to their parents politely

C) simply leave them alone

D) punish them lightly

5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, ______________________

A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them

B) people think it improper to criticize kids in public

C) people are reluctant to point our kids’ wrongdoings

D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids

6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

5.9 玖币 0人已下载

立即下载 VIP免费下载

摘要：

2008年12月英语四级考试真题PartIWriting（30minutes）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledLimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBag.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.一次性塑料袋的使用2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题3.限制一次性塑料袋的意义LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBag　　　　　PartIIReadingC...

展开>> 收起<<

2008年12月英语四级真题.docx

共12页,预览3页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

声明：本站为文档C2C交易模式，即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载，本站只是中间服务平台，本站所有文档下载所得的收益归上传人(含作者)所有。玖贝云文库仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私，请立即通知玖贝云文库，我们立即给予删除！

2008年12月英语四级真题

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

作者详情

相关内容

热门标签

举报选择: