a brief history of the internet(因特网历史简介)

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A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

A Brief History of the

Internet

The Bright Side: The Dark Side

Michael Hart with Max Fuller

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

CHAPTER 00

Preface

The Internet Conquers Space, Time, and Mass Production...

Michael Hart called it NeoMass Production [TM] in 1971... and

published the U.S. Declaration of Independence on the and no one was

listening...or were they? ???careful!!!! If the governments, universities or

colleges of the world wanted people to be educated, they certainly could

have a copy of things like the Declaration of Independence where

everyone could get an electronic copy. After all, it has been over 25

years since the Internet began as government funded projects among our

universities, and only 24 years since the Declaration was posted, followed

by the Bill of Rights, Constitution, the Bible, Shakespeare, etc.

Why do more people get their electronic books from others than these

institutions when they spend a TRILLION DOLLAR BUDGET EVERY

YEAR pretending their goal is some universal form of education.

This is the story of the Bright Side and Dark Side of the

Internet. . .Bright Side first.

The Facts:

The Internet is a primitive version of the "Star Trek Communicator,"

the "Star Trek Transporter," and, also a primitive version of the "Star Trek

Replicator."

Communicator

The Internet "let's" you talk to anyone on the Earth, as long as they,

too, are on the Internet.

Transporter

The Internet "let's" you transport anything you would be able to get

into your computer to any Netter.

Replicator

The Internet "let's" you replicate anything anyone is able to get into

their computer, from "The Mona Lisa" to "The Klein Bottle" if you use the

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

right "printer," and the library never closes, the books are always on the

shelves, never checked out, lost, in for binding, and there is never an

overdue fine because you never, ever, have to take them back.

The Bright Side and the Dark Side

For the first time in the entire history of the Earth, we have the ability

for EVERYONE to get copies of EVERYTHING as long as it can be

digitized and communicated to all of the people on the Earth, via

computers [and the devices a person might need to make a PHYSICAL,

rather than VIRTUAL copy of whatever it might be. . .

Think about what you have just read for a moment, please,

EVERYTHING FOR EVERYONE. . .

as long as the Information Superhighway is not taken over by the

INFORMATION RICH and denied access to others other than for a fee

they may not be able to pay, and shouldn't have to pay. . .since the

INFORMATION RICH have had rides for free for the first 25 years of the

Internet.]

From 1969 to 1994, most of the traffic on the Information

Superhighway was generated by individuals who did not pay tolls to get

on the ramps to the Information Superhighway . . .in fact, ALL of the early

users were paid to get on, except one. . .they were paid. . .BY YOU!

Michael Hart may have been the first person who got on as a private

individual, not paid by any of the 23 nodes, or the Internet/ARPANet

system, for his work; but who at the time of this publication might have

given away 25 billion worth of Etexts in return for his free network access.

[i.e. Mr. Hart was the first "normal" person to have this access to the

Internet, a first non-computer-professional for social responsibility; "We

should provide information to all persons, without delay. . .simply because

WE CAN!" Just like climbing Mount Everest or going into space, and this

is so much cheaper and less dangerous.

[For those of you considering asking that his accesses be revoked, he

has received permission from CCSO management, previously CSO as

indicated in his email address, for the posting of this document and has

also received permission from several other colleges and/or universities, at

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

which he has computer accounts and/or is affiliated.]

In the beginning, all the messages on the Net were either hardware or

software crash messages, people looking for a helping hand in keeping

their mainframes up and running-- and that was about it for the first 10-15

years of cyber- space. . .cyber-space. . .mostly just space. . .there was

nothing really in it for anyone, but mainframe operators, programmers,

and a few computer consultants who worked in multi-state regions

because there weren't enough computer installations in any single state,

not even California or Illinois, to keep a computer consultant in business.

The Bright Side

Mr. Hart had a vision in 1971 that the greatest purpose a computer

network would ever provide would be the storage, transmission, and

copying of the library of information a whole planet of human beings

would generate. These ideas were remarkably ahead of their time, as

attested to by an Independent Plans of Study Degree in the subject of

Human Machine Interfaces from the University of Illinois, 1973. This

degree, and the publications of the first few Etexts [Electronic Texts] on

the Internet, began the process the Internet now knows as Project

Gutenberg, which has caught fire and spread to all areas of the Internet,

and spawned several generations of "Information Providers," as we now

have come to call them.

It is hard to log in to the Internet without finding many references to

Project Gutenberg and Information Providers these days, but you might be

surprised just how much of a plethora of information stored on the Internet

is only on line for LIMITED DISTRIBUTION even though the

information is actually in the PUBLIC DOMAIN and has been paid for in

money paid by your taxes, and by grants, which supposedly are given for

the betterments of the human race, not just a favored few at the very top

1% of the INFORMATION RICH.

Many of you have seen the publicity announcements of such grants in

the news media, and an information professional sees them all the time.

You may have seen grants totalling ONE BILLION DOLLARS to

create "Electronic Libraries;" what you haven't seen is a single "Electronic

Book" released into the Public Domain, in any form for you to use, from

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

any one of these.

The Dark Side

Why don't you see huge electronic libraries available for download

from the Internet?

Why are the most famous universities in the world working on

electronic libraries and you can't read the books?

If it costs $1,000 to create an electronic book through a government or

foundation grant, then $1,000,000,000 funds for electronic libraries should

easily create a 1,000,000 volume electronic library in no time at all.

After all, if someone paid YOU $1,000 to type, scan or to otherwise

get a public domain book onto the Internet, you could do that in no time at

all, and so could one million other people, and they could probably do it in

a week, if they tried really hard, maybe in a month if they only did it in

their spare time. For $1,000 per book, I am sure a few people would be

turning out a book a week for as long as it took to get all million books

into electronic text.

There has been perhaps ONE BILLION DOLLARS granted for an

electronic library in a variety of places, manners, types and all other

diversities; IF THE COST IS ONE THOUSAND OF THOSE DOLLARS

TO CREATE A SINGLE ELECTRONIC BOOK, THEN WE SHOULD

HAVE ONE MILLION BOOKS ONLINE FOR EVERYONE TO USE.

HOW HAS THIS PROCESS BEEN STOPPED?

Anyone who wants to stop this process for a Public Domain Library of

information is probably suffering from several of the Seven Deadly Sins:

Pride, covetousness, lust, anger, greed, envy, and sloth. Merriam

Webster Third International Unabridged Dictionary [Above: Greed =

Gluttony, and moved back one place]

[Below: my simple descriptions of the Seven Deadly Sins]

1. Pride: I have one and you don't.

2. Covetousness: Mine is worth more if you don't have a

copy or something similar. I want yours. I want the one you have,

even if I already have one or many.

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

3. Lust: I have to have it.

4. Anger: I will hurt you to insure that I have it, and and to

insure that you do not have one.

5. Envy: I hate that you have one.

6. Greed: There is no end to how much I want, or to how

little I want you to have in comparison.

7. Sloth: I am opposed to you moving up the ladder: it

means that I will have to move up the ladder, to keep my position of

lordship over you. If I have twice as much as you do, and you gain

a rung, that means I can only regain my previous lordship by moving

up two; it is far easier to knock you back a rung, or to prevent

you from climbing at all.

Destruction is easier than construction.

This becomes even more obvious for the person who has a

goal of being 10 or 100 times further up the ladder of

success. . .given the old, and hopefully obsolete, or soon to be

obsolete, definitions of success.

"If I worked like a fiend all my life to insure I had a

thousand dollars for every dollar you had, and then someone came

along and wanted to give everyone $1000, then I would be forced to

work like a fiend again, to get another million dollars to retain my

position."

Think about it: someone spends a lifetime achieving, creating,

or otherwise investing their life, building a talent, an idea, or a physical

manifestation of the life they have led. . .the destruction of this is far

easier than the construction. . .just as the building of a house is much

more difficult, requires training, discipline, knowledge of the laws of

physics to get a temperature and light balance suitable for latitudes,

etc., etc., etc.

But nearly anyone can burn down a building, or a pile of books

without a fraction of this kind of training.

People are used to lording it over others by building and writing

certain items that reflect their lordship over themselves, their

environments, and, last/least, over other people. If they were not

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

engaged in power over themselves [self-discipline, education, etc,] or

over their environments [food, clothing and shelter], then they have

only other people to have control over and that is the problem. The

don't want other people to have it easier than they did. "If _I_ did it

with the hard ways and tools of the past, then _YOU_ would

threaten me if you use some easier ways and tools the present has to

offer, and _I_ don't want to learn the new tools, since I have invested

my whole life to the mastery of the old tools." I have literally met

very highly placed souls in the system of higher education who have

told me they will quit the system on the day they have to use email

because it removes the control they used to have over physical

meetings, phone calls and the paper mails. It is just too obvious if a

big wig is not answering your email, since email programs can

actually tell you the second it was delivered and also the second the

person "opened" it.

This is why SOME people fear the new Internet: other people

fear it NOT because they lose the kind of lord position that comes with

OWNERSHIP; rather they fear, in a similar manner, they will lose the

CONTROL which they have used to achieve their position of lordship,

such as one kind of professor mentioned below.

*****As Hart's DOS prompt sometimes states:*****

"Money is how people with no talent keep score!" "Control is

how others with no money keep score!"

These Seven Deadly Sins, while named by various names and by

most civilizations, have nonetheless often been actual laws; in that certain

people were required, by law, to be victims of the rest of their populations

in that a person might be legally denied ownership of any property, due to

racism or sexism, or denied the right to a contract, even legally denied the

ability to read and write, not just an assortment of rights to vote, contract

and own property-- there have even been laws that forbade any but the

"upper crust" to wear certain types of clothing, a "statement of fashion" of

a slightly different order than we see today, but with similar ends.

You might want to look up laws that once divided this and other

countries by making it illegal to teach any persons of certain races or

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

genders reading, writing, arithmetic, and others of the ways human beings

learn to have a power over their environments.

Power over oneself is the first kind of power...if you do not control

yourself, you will find difficulty in control of anything.

Power over the environment is the second kind of power... if you do

not control food, clothing and shelter, you are going to have a hard time

controlling anything else.

Power over other human being is the third kind of power-- described

above in the Seven Deadly Sins, a third raters' kind of power. Those who

cannot control anything else... must, by definition, have others control

things for them. If they don't want to depend on the voluntary cooperation

of others, then they must find some way to control them.

We are now seeing the efforts by those who couldn't BUILD the

Internet to control it, and the 40 million people who are on it; people from

the goverment to big business, who feel "Freedom Is Slavery" or at least

dangerous; and, who feel the Internet is the "NEXT COMMERICAL

FRONTIER" where customers are all ready to be inundated with

advertising, more cheaply than with junkmail. Fortunately some of the

other Internet pioneers have developed ways of preventing this sort of

thing from happening BUT I am sure we aren't far from lawsuits by the

cash rich and informattion rich, complaining that they can't get their

junkemail into "my" emailbox. We will probably all be forced to join

into an assortment of "protectives" in which we subscribe to such

"killbots" as are required to let in the mail we want and keep out the

junkemail.

These same sorts of protectives were forming a century or so before

the Internet, in a similar response to the hard monopolistic pricing policies

of the railroads which went transcontinental just 100 years before this

Internet did.

I suggest you look up Grange in your encyclopedias, where one of

them says:

"The National Grange is the popular name of the Order of the Patrons

of Husbandry, the oldest general farm organization in the United

States. . .formed largely through the efforts of Oliver Hudson Kelley, a

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

Minnesota farmer who was deeply affected by the poverty and isolation of

the farmers he saw will inspecting farm areas in the South for the U.S.

Department of Agriculture in 1866. In the 1870's the Grange was

prominent in the broader Granger movement, which campaigned against

extortionate charges by monopolistic railroads and warehouses and helped

bring about laws regulating these charges. . . . Although challenged, the

constitutionality of such laws was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in

Munn v. Illinois (1877).

[1994 Grolier Electronic Enyclcopedia]

***

The Internet Conquers Space, Time and Mass Production

The Internet is a primitive version of the "Star Trek Communicator,"

the "Star Trek Transporter," and, also a primitive version of the "Star Trek

Replicator."

The Internet "let's" you talk to anyone on the Earth, as long as they,

too, are on the Internet.

The Internet "let's" you transport anything you would be able to get

into your computer to any Netter.

The Internet "let's" you replicate anything anyone is able to get into

their computer, from "The Mona Lisa" to "The Klein Bottle" if you use the

right "printer."

Don't forget the "SneakerNet" is part of the Internet and let's you get

information to or from those who do not have direct Internet connections.

SneakerNet was a term developed to describe the concept of sending a file

to someone nearby the person you wanted, and the person would then put

on his/her sneakers and run the disk down the street for you. From my

experience, it was incredibly obvious that SneakerNet traversed from East

to West and West to East around the world before the Internet did, as I

received letters from the East and West as the Project Gutenberg Alice in

Wonderland Etext circled the globe long before the Internet did.

This is very important to know if you consider that a possible future

development might keep you from using the Internet for this, due to socio-

political motions to turn the Internet into a "World Wide Mall" [WWM] a

term coined specifically to describe that moneymaking philosophy that

A Brief History of the Internet The Bright Side: The Dark Side

says "Even if it has been given away, free of charge, to 90% of the users

for 25 years, our goal is to make sure we change it from an Information

Superhighway to an Information Supertollway.

I said "let's" you do the Star Trek Communicator, and Transporter, and

Replicator functions because it will soon be obvious that those

"Information Rich" who had free access to the Internet for so long want to

do an Internet Monopoly thing to insure that what was free, to the

Information Rich, will no longer be free for a class of the Information

Poor.

This is serious business, and if you consider that it would cost the 40

million Netters about $25 per month to "subscribe" to the Information

Rich version of the Internet, that means one thousand million dollars per

month going into the hands of the Information Rich at the expense of the

Information Poor; we would shortly be up to our virtual ears in a

monopoly that would be on the order of the one recently broken up in a

major anti-trust and anti-monopoly actions against the hand of the

telephone company.

Hopefully, if we see it coming we can prevent it now, but it will take

far more power than _I_ have.

People will tell you "No one can own the Internet!"-- but the fact is

that while you may own your computer, you do not "Own the Internet"

any more than owning my own telephones or PBX exchanges means I

own telephone networks that belong to The Telephone Companies. The

corporations that own the physical wires and cabling, they are the ones

who own the Internet, and right now that system is being sold to The

Telephone Companies, and your "rights" to the Information Superhighway

are being sold with them.

The goal of giving 10,000 books to everyone on Earth, which we at

Project Gutenberg have been trying to do, virtually since the start of the

Internet, is in huge danger of becoming just another tool for those we are

becoming enslaved by on the Internet, and these books might never get

into the high schools: much less the middle schools and grade schools

because the Trillion dollars we spend on educations with the rise and fall

of every Congress of the United States isn't meant to educate, it is meant

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ABriefHistoryoftheInternetTheBrightSide:TheDarkSide1ABriefHistoryoftheInternetTheBrightSide:TheDarkSideMichaelHartwithMaxFuller(C)1995,ReleasedonMarch8th.ABriefHistoryoftheInternetTheBrightSide:TheDarkSide2CHAPTER00PrefaceTheInternetConquersSpace,Time,andMassProduction...MichaelHartcalleditNeoMassPr...

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