Measure for Measure(量罪记)

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MEASURE FOR MEASURE

MEASURE FOR

MEASURE

William Shakespeare

1605

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

DRAMATIS PERSONAE

VINCENTIO, the Duke ANGELO, the Deputy ESCALUS, an

ancient Lord CLAUDIO, a young gentleman LUCIO, a fantastic Two

other like Gentlemen VARRIUS, a gentleman, servant to the Duke

PROVOST THOMAS, friar PETER, friar A JUSTICE ELBOW, a simple

constable FROTH, a foolish gentleman POMPEY, a clown and servant to

Mistress Overdone ABHORSON, an executioner BARNARDINE, a

dissolute prisoner

ISABELLA, sister to Claudio MARIANA, betrothed to Angelo

JULIET, beloved of Claudio FRANCISCA, a nun MISTRESS

OVERDONE, a bawd

Lords, Officers, Citizens, Boy, and Attendants

Sene: Vienna

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

ACT I.

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

SCENE I. The DUKE'S palace

Enter DUKE, ESCALUS, LORDS, and ATTENDANTS

DUKE. Escalus! ESCALUS. My lord. DUKE. Of government the

properties to unfold Would seem in me t' affect speech and discourse,

Since I am put to know that your own science Exceeds, in that, the lists of

all advice My strength can give you; then no more remains But that to

your sufficiency- as your worth is able- And let them work. The nature of

our people, Our city's institutions, and the terms For common justice, y'are

as pregnant in As art and practice hath enriched any That we remember.

There is our commission, From which we would not have you warp. Call

hither, I say, bid come before us, Angelo. Exit an ATTENDANT What

figure of us think you he will bear? For you must know we have with

special soul Elected him our absence to supply; Lent him our terror,

dress'd him with our love, And given his deputation all the organs Of our

own power. What think you of it? ESCALUS. If any in Vienna be of worth

To undergo such ample grace and honour, It is Lord Angelo.

Enter ANGELO

DUKE. Look where he comes. ANGELO. Always obedient to your

Grace's will, I come to know your pleasure. DUKE. Angelo, There is a

kind of character in thy life That to th' observer doth thy history Fully

unfold. Thyself and thy belongings Are not thine own so proper as to

waste Thyself upon thy virtues, they on thee. Heaven doth with us as we

with torches do, Not light them for themselves; for if our virtues Did not

go forth of us, 'twere all alike As if we had them not. Spirits are not finely

touch'd But to fine issues; nor Nature never lends The smallest scruple of

her excellence But, like a thrifty goddess, she determines Herself the glory

of a creditor, Both thanks and use. But I do bend my speech To one that

can my part in him advertise. Hold, therefore, Angelo- In our remove be

thou at full ourself; Mortality and mercy in Vienna Live in thy tongue and

heart. Old Escalus, Though first in question, is thy secondary. Take thy

commission. ANGELO. Now, good my lord, Let there be some more test

made of my metal, Before so noble and so great a figure Be stamp'd upon

it. DUKE. No more evasion! We have with a leaven'd and prepared choice

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

Proceeded to you; therefore take your honours. Our haste from hence is of

so quick condition That it prefers itself, and leaves unquestion'd Matters of

needful value. We shall write to you, As time and our concernings shall

importune, How it goes with us, and do look to know What doth befall

you here. So, fare you well. To th' hopeful execution do I leave you Of

your commissions. ANGELO. Yet give leave, my lord, That we may bring

you something on the way. DUKE. My haste may not admit it; Nor need

you, on mine honour, have to do With any scruple: your scope is as mine

own, So to enforce or qualify the laws As to your soul seems good. Give

me your hand; I'll privily away. I love the people, But do not like to stage

me to their eyes; Though it do well, I do not relish well Their loud

applause and Aves vehement; Nor do I think the man of safe discretion

That does affect it. Once more, fare you well. ANGELO. The heavens give

safety to your purposes! ESCALUS. Lead forth and bring you back in

happiness! DUKE. I thank you. Fare you well. Exit ESCALUS. I shall

desire you, sir, to give me leave To have free speech with you; and it

concerns me To look into the bottom of my place: A pow'r I have, but of

what strength and nature I am not yet instructed. ANGELO. 'Tis so with

me. Let us withdraw together, And we may soon our satisfaction have

Touching that point. ESCALUS. I'll wait upon your honour. Exeunt

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

SCENE II. A street

Enter Lucio and two other GENTLEMEN

LUCIO. If the Duke, with the other dukes, come not to composition

with the King of Hungary, why then all the dukes fall upon the King.

FIRST GENTLEMAN. Heaven grant us its peace, but not the King of

Hungary's! SECOND GENTLEMAN. Amen. LUCIO. Thou conclud'st

like the sanctimonious pirate that went to sea with the Ten

Commandments, but scrap'd one out of the table. SECOND

GENTLEMAN. 'Thou shalt not steal'? LUCIO. Ay, that he raz'd. FIRST

GENTLEMAN. Why, 'twas a commandment to command the captain and

all the rest from their functions: they put forth to steal. There's not a

soldier of us all that, in the thanksgiving before meat, do relish the petition

well that prays for peace. SECOND GENTLEMAN. I never heard any

soldier dislike it. LUCIO. I believe thee; for I think thou never wast where

grace was said. SECOND GENTLEMAN. No? A dozen times at least.

FIRST GENTLEMAN. What, in metre? LUCIO. In any proportion or in

any language. FIRST GENTLEMAN. I think, or in any religion. LUCIO.

Ay, why not? Grace is grace, despite of all controversy; as, for example,

thou thyself art a wicked villain, despite of all grace. FIRST

GENTLEMAN. Well, there went but a pair of shears between us. LUCIO.

I grant; as there may between the lists and the velvet. Thou art the list.

FIRST GENTLEMAN. And thou the velvet; thou art good velvet; thou'rt a

three-pil'd piece, I warrant thee. I had as lief be a list of an English kersey

as be pil'd, as thou art pil'd, for a French velvet. Do I speak feelingly now?

LUCIO. I think thou dost; and, indeed, with most painful feeling of thy

speech. I will, out of thine own confession, learn to begin thy health; but,

whilst I live, forget to drink after thee. FIRST GENTLEMAN. I think I

have done myself wrong, have I not? SECOND GENTLEMAN. Yes, that

thou hast, whether thou art tainted or free.

Enter MISTRESS OVERDONE

LUCIO. Behold, behold, where Madam Mitigation comes! I have

purchas'd as many diseases under her roof as come to- SECOND

GENTLEMAN. To what, I pray? FIRST GENTLEMAN. Judge.

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

SECOND GENTLEMAN. To three thousand dolours a year. FIRST

GENTLEMAN. Ay, and more. LUCIO. A French crown more. FIRST

GENTLEMAN. Thou art always figuring diseases in me, but thou art full

of error; I am sound. LUCIO. Nay, not, as one would say, healthy; but so

sound as things that are hollow: thy bones are hollow; impiety has made a

feast of thee. FIRST GENTLEMAN. How now! which of your hips has

the most profound sciatica? MRS. OVERDONE. Well, well! there's one

yonder arrested and carried to prison was worth five thousand of you all.

FIRST GENTLEMAN. Who's that, I pray thee? MRS. OVERDONE.

Marry, sir, that's Claudio, Signior Claudio. FIRST GENTLEMAN.

Claudio to prison? 'Tis not so. MRS. OVERDONE. Nay, but I know 'tis so:

I saw him arrested; saw him carried away; and, which is more, within

these three days his head to be chopp'd off. LUCIO. But, after all this

fooling, I would not have it so. Art thou sure of this? MRS. OVERDONE.

I am too sure of it; and it is for getting Madam Julietta with child. LUCIO.

Believe me, this may be; he promis'd to meet me two hours since, and he

was ever precise in promise-keeping. SECOND GENTLEMAN. Besides,

you know, it draws something near to the speech we had to such a purpose.

FIRST GENTLEMAN. But most of all agreeing with the proclamation.

LUCIO. Away; let's go learn the truth of it. Exeunt Lucio and

GENTLEMEN MRS. OVERDONE. Thus, what with the war, what with

the sweat, what with the gallows, and what with poverty, I am custom-

shrunk.

Enter POMPEY

How now! what's the news with you? POMPEY. Yonder man is

carried to prison. MRS. OVERDONE. Well, what has he done? POMPEY.

A woman. MRS. OVERDONE. But what's his offence? POMPEY.

Groping for trouts in a peculiar river. MRS. OVERDONE. What! is there

a maid with child by him? POMPEY. No; but there's a woman with maid

by him. You have not heard of the proclamation, have you? MRS.

OVERDONE. What proclamation, man? POMPEY. All houses in the

suburbs of Vienna must be pluck'd down. MRS. OVERDONE. And what

shall become of those in the city? POMPEY. They shall stand for seed;

they had gone down too, but that a wise burgher put in for them. MRS.

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

OVERDONE. But shall all our houses of resort in the suburbs be pull'd

down? POMPEY. To the ground, mistress. MRS. OVERDONE. Why,

here's a change indeed in the commonwealth! What shall become of me?

POMPEY. Come, fear not you: good counsellors lack no clients. Though

you change your place you need not change your trade; I'll be your tapster

still. Courage, there will be pity taken on you; you that have worn your

eyes almost out in the service, you will be considered. MRS. OVERDONE.

What's to do here, Thomas Tapster? Let's withdraw. POMPEY. Here

comes Signior Claudio, led by the provost to prison; and there's Madam

Juliet. Exeunt

Enter PROVOST, CLAUDIO, JULIET, and OFFICERS; LUCIO

following

CLAUDIO. Fellow, why dost thou show me thus to th' world? Bear

me to prison, where I am committed. PROVOST. I do it not in evil

disposition, But from Lord Angelo by special charge. CLAUDIO. Thus

can the demigod Authority Make us pay down for our offence by weight

The words of heaven: on whom it will, it will; On whom it will not, so; yet

still 'tis just. LUCIO. Why, how now, Claudio, whence comes this restraint?

CLAUDIO. From too much liberty, my Lucio, liberty; As surfeit is the

father of much fast, So every scope by the immoderate use Turns to

restraint. Our natures do pursue, Like rats that ravin down their proper

bane, A thirsty evil; and when we drink we die. LUCIO. If I could speak

so wisely under an arrest, I would send for certain of my creditors; and yet,

to say the truth, I had as lief have the foppery of freedom as the morality

of imprisonment. What's thy offence, Claudio? CLAUDIO. What but to

speak of would offend again. LUCIO. What, is't murder? CLAUDIO. No.

LUCIO. Lechery? CLAUDIO. Call it so. PROVOST. Away, sir; you must

go. CLAUDIO. One word, good friend. Lucio, a word with you. LUCIO.

A hundred, if they'll do you any good. Is lechery so look'd after?

CLAUDIO. Thus stands it with me: upon a true contract I got possession

of Julietta's bed. You know the lady; she is fast my wife, Save that we do

the denunciation lack Of outward order; this we came not to, Only for

propagation of a dow'r Remaining in the coffer of her friends. From whom

we thought it meet to hide our love Till time had made them for us. But it

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

chances The stealth of our most mutual entertainment, With character too

gross, is writ on Juliet. LUCIO. With child, perhaps? CLAUDIO.

Unhappily, even so. And the new deputy now for the Duke- Whether it be

the fault and glimpse of newness, Or whether that the body public be A

horse whereon the governor doth ride, Who, newly in the seat, that it may

know He can command, lets it straight feel the spur; Whether the tyranny

be in his place, Or in his eminence that fills it up, I stagger in. But this new

governor Awakes me all the enrolled penalties Which have, like unscour'd

armour, hung by th' wall So long that nineteen zodiacs have gone round

And none of them been worn; and, for a name, Now puts the drowsy and

neglected act Freshly on me. 'Tis surely for a name. LUCIO. I warrant it is;

and thy head stands so tickle on thy shoulders that a milkmaid, if she be in

love, may sigh it off. Send after the Duke, and appeal to him. CLAUDIO.

I have done so, but he's not to be found. I prithee, Lucio, do me this kind

service: This day my sister should the cloister enter, And there receive her

approbation; Acquaint her with the danger of my state; Implore her, in my

voice, that she make friends To the strict deputy; bid herself assay him. I

have great hope in that; for in her youth There is a prone and speechless

dialect Such as move men; beside, she hath prosperous art When she will

play with reason and discourse, And well she can persuade. LUCIO. I pray

she may; as well for the encouragement of the like, which else would

stand under grievous imposition, as for the enjoying of thy life, who I

would be sorry should be thus foolishly lost at a game of tick-tack. I'll to

her. CLAUDIO. I thank you, good friend Lucio. LUCIO. Within two hours.

CLAUDIO. Come, officer, away. Exeunt

MEASURE FOR MEASURE

SCENE III. A monastery

Enter DUKE and FRIAR THOMAS

DUKE. No, holy father; throw away that thought; Believe not that the

dribbling dart of love Can pierce a complete bosom. Why I desire thee To

give me secret harbour hath a purpose More grave and wrinkled than the

aims and ends Of burning youth. FRIAR. May your Grace speak of it?

DUKE. My holy sir, none better knows than you How I have ever lov'd

the life removed, And held in idle price to haunt assemblies Where youth,

and cost, a witless bravery keeps. I have deliver'd to Lord Angelo, A man

of stricture and firm abstinence, My absolute power and place here in

Vienna, And he supposes me travell'd to Poland; For so I have strew'd it in

the common ear, And so it is received. Now, pious sir, You will demand of

me why I do this. FRIAR. Gladly, my lord. DUKE. We have strict statutes

and most biting laws, The needful bits and curbs to headstrong steeds,

Which for this fourteen years we have let sleep; Even like an o'ergrown

lion in a cave, That goes not out to prey. Now, as fond fathers, Having

bound up the threat'ning twigs of birch, Only to stick it in their children's

sight For terror, not to use, in time the rod Becomes more mock'd than

fear'd; so our decrees, Dead to infliction, to themselves are dead; And

liberty plucks justice by the nose; The baby beats the nurse, and quite

athwart Goes all decorum. FRIAR. It rested in your Grace To unloose this

tied-up justice when you pleas'd; And it in you more dreadful would have

seem'd Than in Lord Angelo. DUKE. I do fear, too dreadful. Sith 'twas my

fault to give the people scope, 'Twould be my tyranny to strike and gall

them For what I bid them do; for we bid this be done, When evil deeds

have their permissive pass And not the punishment. Therefore, indeed, my

father, I have on Angelo impos'd the office; Who may, in th' ambush of my

name, strike home, And yet my nature never in the fight To do in slander.

And to behold his sway, I will, as 'twere a brother of your order, Visit both

prince and people. Therefore, I prithee, Supply me with the habit, and

instruct me How I may formally in person bear me Like a true friar. Moe

reasons for this action At our more leisure shall I render you. Only, this

one: Lord Angelo is precise; Stands at a guard with envy; scarce confesses

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MEASUREFORMEASURE1MEASUREFORMEASUREWilliamShakespeare1605MEASUREFORMEASURE2DRAMATISPERSONAEVINCENTIO,theDukeANGELO,theDeputyESCALUS,anancientLordCLAUDIO,ayounggentlemanLUCIO,afantasticTwootherlikeGentlemenVARRIUS,agentleman,servanttotheDukePROVOSTTHOMAS,friarPETER,friarAJUSTICEELBOW,asimpleconstable...

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Measure for Measure(量罪记)

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