[ebook.nsO] [buddhism] Buddhism as an Education - Master Chin Kung [www.NorthShare.tk].pdf

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E-mail: bdea@buddhanet.net

Web site: www.buddhanet.net

Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc.

Ven. Master Chin Kung

Buddhism

as an Education

Buddhism

as an Education

Table of Contents

Table of Contents 2

Chapter 1: The Cause of Our Chaotic World 3

Chapter 2: Buddhism as an Education 3

The Goal of the Buddha’s Teaching 4

The Core of the Buddha's Teaching 5

The Buddhist Educational Organization in China 5

The Four Current Types of Buddhism 7

Chapter 3: The Author's Own Experience with Buddhism 7

Chapter 4: The Methodology and Symbolism of the Buddhist

Educational System 9

The Continuing Education System for Teachers 9

The Artful Buddhist Teaching 9

Methods of Practicing Buddhism 13

How Buddhist Terminology Illustrate that Buddhism is an Education 14

Chapter 5: The Integration of Confucianism and Buddhism 15

The Five Human Relationships 17

The Practice of Confucianism and Buddhism 18

The Confucian Elementary School System 18

The Confucian Tai School System 19

World Peace Can be Achieved if the Mind and Body are Well-trained,

the Family is Well-run and the Country is Well-governed. 21

The Eight Basic Confucian Moral Principles 22

Chapter 6: The Buddha’s Teachings are for Everyone 23

Chapter 7: The Key to the Greatest Treasure 24

Elementary School is the Foundation of Happiness 25

Chapter 1: The Cause of Our Chaotic World

Today’s societies in Taiwan and elsewhere in the world are

rather abnormal, a phenomenon that has not been witnessed

before either in the West or the East. Some Westerners have

predicted that the end of the world will occur in 1999 and that

Christ will return to earth for Judgement Day. Easterners have

also predicted impending disasters that are similar to those

predictions in the West, the only difference being the time frame,

which is some twenty years later. Some of these are ancient

prophecies, which we should not place too much importance on.

However, if we view our environment objectively, we will

realize that this world is really in danger.

Environmental pollution has become a serious problem and

now humankind has finally begun to understand the need for

protecting our environment. However, the problem of mental or

spiritual pollution is many times more serious than that of the

environment. This is the source of worldly ills that not many

people realize. The Chinese have a saying, “Education is most

essential to establish a nation, train its leaders and its people.”

For centuries, the Chinese have always believed in the primacy

of education, which is considered the foundation for a peaceful

and prosperous society. It provides the solution to a myriad of

social ills and leads the way to changing one’s suffering into

happiness. Education has a strong impact on the nation and its

people. Moreover, elementary school is the foundation, the basic

building block in an educational system.

Chapter 2: Buddhism as an Education

Buddhism officially came to China in 67 AD. The Emperor

had sent special envoys to India to invite Buddhist monks to

come to China to teach Buddhism, which in that period, was

regarded as an educational system, and not as a religion.

Regretfully, about two hundred years ago, the practice of

Buddhism had taken on a more religious facade. Therefore, the

purpose of this talk is to correct this misunderstanding, by

leading us back to the original form of Buddhism as taught by

Buddha Shakyamuni.

The Goal of the Buddha’s Teaching

Buddhism is Buddha Shakyamuni’s educational system,

which is similar to that of Confucius for both presented similar

viewpoints and methods. The goal of Buddhist education is to

attain wisdom. In Sanskrit, the language of ancient India, the

Buddhist wisdom was called “Anuttara-samyak-sambhodi”

meaning the perfect ultimate wisdom. The Buddha taught us that

the main objective of our practice or cultivation was to achieve

this ultimate wisdom. He further taught us that everyone has the

potential to realize this state of ultimate wisdom, as it is an

intrinsic part of our nature, not something one obtains externally.

However, most of us have become confused through general

misconceptions and therefore, are not able to realize this

potential. Therefore, if we break through this confusion, we will

realize this intrinsic part of our nature. Thus, Buddhism is an

educational system aimed at regaining our own intrinsic nature.

It also teaches absolute equality which stemmed from Buddha's

recognition that all sentient beings possess this innate wisdom

and nature. Therefore, there is no inherent difference among

beings. Everyone is different now because we have lost our true

nature and have become confused. The degree of wisdom

exhibited by individuals depends on the degree of delusion and

has nothing to do with the true nature of the individual. The

Buddha’s teaching helps us to realize that innate, perfect,

ultimate wisdom. With wisdom, we can then solve all our

problems and turn suffering into happiness. Due to our lack of

wisdom, we perceive, view and behave foolishly, and thus suffer

the consequences evoked by our incorrect actions. If we have

wisdom, our thoughts, viewpoints and behavior will be correct;

how then can we suffer when there are no ill consequences to

suffer from? Of course, we will be happy. From here, we can see

that suffering is caused by del usion and the source of happiness

is our own realization of wisdom.

The Core of the Buddha's Teaching

The Buddha's teaching contains three major points:

discipline, meditation and wisdom. Wisdom is the goal and deep

meditation or concentration is the crucial process toward

achieving wisdom. Discipline through observing the precepts, is

the method that helps one to achieve deep meditation; wisdom

will then be realized naturally. Buddha's entire teachings as

conveyed in the sutras never really depart from these three

points. Buddhism encompasses the entire collection of works by

Buddha Shakyamuni and is called the Tripitaka. This can be

classified into three categories: sutra, vinaya (precepts or rules),

and sastra (commentaries) which emphasize meditation,

discipline, and wisdom respectively.

The Buddhist Educational Organization in China

Buddhist education is based on filial piety, as is the Chinese

culture. Prior to the introduction of Buddhism to China, filial

piety was the pillar of society and was supported by the wise

men of ancient China. When Buddhist monks from India came to

China and started to discuss Buddhism with government

officials, it was immediately apparent to everyone that Buddhism

shared numerous similarities with the indigenous Confucian

traditions. Consequently, the government embraced them and

requested that the monks stay in China permanently.

The first two monks, who came to China, Moton and

Chufarlan, were received by the "Hong-Lu-Si” which is

equivalent to our present Foreign Ministry or State Department.

"Si" was designated as a ministry of the government. The Chief

of Hong-Lu-Si is equivalent to a foreign minister or Secretary of

State. However, Hong-Lu-Si could only receive foreign guests

temporarily. In order to allow them to stay permanently, the

Emperor added another ministry, "Bai-Ma-Si," to take charge of

Buddhist education. Originally, the “Si” had nothing to do with a

temple, but merely denoted a ministry of the imperial court, now

it denotes a temple in contemporary Chinese. So, there were two

ministries in charge of education. The "Li-Bu," managed by the

Prime Minister, was in charge of the traditional Confucian

educational system. This organization served the same function

until the early 1900’s. As the Emperor had given enormous

support to the “Bai-Ma-Si,” Buddhist education rapidly spread

throughout China. In many instances, it had even far exceeded

the efforts to educate people than the traditional education

system of “Li-Bu.” Consequently, there may not have been a

Confucian or Manfucian school in every village, but there was a

“Si” everywhere. Again, the Buddhist “Si”, or temple, used to be

an educational institution and did not perform religious

ceremonies at all, unlike what often takes place in contemporary

temples nowadays.

Another important mission for the original “Si” was sutra

translation. The scale of the translation effort is hard to imagine

today. During the se venth century, the famous monk Xuan-

Tsuang had supervised six hundred scholars in sutra translation.

Prior to this, a monk named Kumaraja had a translation team of

about four hundred scholars. Therefore, the “Si” was a large

governmental organization. Unfortunately, it was completely

transformed into a place to deal with superstition and spirits

around two hundred years ago. Its educational characteristics

totally disappeared, which was truly regretful.

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eBUDDHANET'SBOOKLIBRARYE-mail:bdea@buddhanet.netWebsite:www.buddhanet.netBuddhaDharmaEducationAssociationInc.Ven.MasterChinKungBuddhismasanEducationBuddhismasanEducation2TableofContentsTableofContents2Chapter1:TheCauseofOurChaoticWorld3Chapter2:BuddhismasanEducation3TheGoaloftheBuddhasTeaching4TheC...

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