Preface

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PREFACE

The Red Book contains a large number of verses.

A few are included in the narrative of the Downfall

of the Lord of the Rings, or in the attached stories

and chronicles; many more are found on loose

leaves, while some are written carelessly in mar-

gins and blank spaces. Of the last sort most are

nonsense, now often unintelligible even when

legible, or half-remembered fragments. From

these marginalia are drawn Nos. 4, II, 13; though

a better example of their general character would

be the scribble, on the page recording Bilbo's

When winter first begins to bite'.

The wind so whirled a weathercock

He could not hold his tail up;

The frost so nipped a throstlecock

He could not snap a snail up.

'My case is hard' the throstle cried,

And 'All is vane' the cock replied;

And so they set their wail up.

The present selection is taken from the older

pieces, mainly concerned with legends and jests of

the Shire at the end of the Third Age, that appear

to have been made by Hobbits, especially by

Bilbo and his friends, or their immediate descendants. Their

authorship is, however, seldom indi-

cated. Those outside the narratives are in various

hands, and were probably written down from

oral tradition.

In the Red Book it is said that No. 5 was made

by Bilbo, and No. 7 by Sam Gamgee. No. 8 is

marked SG, and the ascription may be accepted.

No. 12 is also marked SG, though at most Sam

can only have touched up an older piece of the

comic bestiary lore of which Hobbits appear to

have been fond. In The Lord of the Rings Sam

stated that No. 10 was traditional in the Shire.

No. 3 is an example of another kind which

seems to have amused Hobbits: a rhyme or story

which returns to its own beginning, and so may

be recited until the hearers revolt. Several specimens are

found in the Red Book, but the others

are simple and crude. No. 3 is much the longest

and most elaborate. It was evidently made by

Bilbo. This is indicated by its obvious relationship

to the long poem recited by Bilbo, as his own

composition, in the house of Elrond. In origin a

'nonsense rhyme', it is in the Rivendell version

found transformed and applied, somewhat incongruously, to

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Preface

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