choose to live here? Perhaps only one who was desperate, and hungry, and smart enough to survive its
hazards. As it turned out, mankind.
But not quite yet. The time is approximately eight million years ago, and the place is central Africa
near the Equator, on the eastern slope of the western branch of the Rift. Today the remnant of the
mountain gorilla lives there, and it is part of the much wider range of the more versatile chimpanzee. But
back then the two species were diverging from a common ape ancestor, and the smaller, thinner
cousin—the "gracile" one—had to give way to the "robust" one. This led in some cases to a forced
extension of the range. Most chimps were displaced westward; one band went where none other had
dared, east over the volcanic ridge. This was not bravery but the luck of the draw; they couldn't get
around the gorillas, so had to retreat where they would not be pursued. The immediate outlook was not
promising.
HU lifted on his hind legs and gazed at trees on the slope below. The brutes were there, making
threatening gestures. The trees of home had been occupied by stronger foreigners.
"Come!" Hu recognized his mother's urgent call. He dropped to four feet, turned, and scampered up
the slope to join her. His little sister Be was doing the same.
They had foraged often on this slope, finding bugs and berries and caches of water in crevices. Hu
was well familiar with it. But there were times when the mountain trembled and smoke spouted from its
mouth, frightening them away. Now they were going toward that mouth. That wasn't safe, for no one
could know when it might spout again.
But there was nowhere else to go, because of the brutes below. Hu's father, the dominant male, had
tried to hold his territory, but the brutes were just too big. So he and several other males were taking
their families away, seeking some better place. They had to move out before the brutes came after them,
to take their women and kill their children. Hu had seen what happened to a neighboring band whose
male had fought and lost. They all had seen. The women were not actually used by the brutes, but
became tolerated outcasts, allowed to feed themselves until a brute female or adolescent male became
annoyed and attacked. So the end was the same for the spared women; it just took more time, because
they weren't deemed to be threats.
Hu and Be scrambled after their mother, just as the other children were after their mothers. She was
no larger than Hu himself, but she ruled him until he chose to leave the family. Near them were Ra and
Fa, following their mother. They were children of Hu's father, because the dominant male mated with all
the women in the band. That made them close kin; they had the kin smell. Hu got along well with them,
and they often groomed each other, picking out the bugs in their fur. When there was any alarm, and the
mothers weren't close by, Hu and Be usually grouped with Ra and Fa.
The climb went on and on. The mountain trembled almost continuously, but they were getting used
to that. They could tell when the mountain was feeling angry, and right now it was merely irritable.
As the day waned, they got beyond familiar territory. The group closed in together, becoming
nervous; none of them liked strange land. There were too many dangers in the unknown.
But they were lucky, or perhaps the big males had been here long ago and knew where to look.
There was a cave. It wasn't deep, but it was big enough to shelter the bands. There were several recesses,
and one male took over each recess, putting his mates and children there. They would be safe here. It
wasn't as good as a tree, but it was better than the open slope. Especially since the mountain was