第13讲 阅读理解题型(中考必考阅读技能考点）（原卷版）

2025-05-13 0 0 1.59MB 28 页 10玖币
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专 题 三
中考题型 语法知语法知识识
第13 讲 阅读理解题型
要点归纳思维导图
解题口诀及母题典例
阅读理解题型高频考点 实用解题口诀
高频考点 1：单一细节题
解题口诀：画定比
口诀注释：
画-------阅读题干画关键(数词、名词、动词；大写：人名、地名)
定—----回文定位找区间
比—----选项比较原文
口诀识别
阅读理解题目以 6W(What /Who /When / Where /Why/Which )+1H(How)及其变式进行提问时，用此口诀
解题。
口诀解题典例
A woman was collecting money for a charity. The money she collected was going to be given to poor children
who had no parents to take care of them. She went from house to house. She knocked on doors and asked for
money.
Who was the woman collecting money for?
A.Poor children. B.Herself. C. Her friends D.An artist.
口诀解题答案解析
题干用 Who 进行提问，满足 6W+1H 的细节题特征，用“画定比”口诀解题。画出题干中的关键词
(the woman collecting money),定位到原文的第 1句和第 2句，对比原文和选项可知，这位女士是为了帮助贫
困的孤儿而筹钱，故选 A。
解题坑点
在对比原文和选项过程中，部分细节题的正确答案是原文原词、原文原句，但遇到有难度的文章时，
细节题的正确答案可能是原文单词的近义词转换或原文改写，所以在对比过程中要仔细阅读，仔细比对每
一处细节。
母题 1
（2023·山东菏泽·统考中考真题）
Sixteen-year-old Yang Shuncheng of China won in the Artistic Swimming World
Cup in Somabay, Egypt on Saturday, May 13, 2023.
With the theme of The Cello Song by The Piano Guys, Yang challenge a
difficulty sore of 27.0, higher than all other six players, and received 232.5792 points.
“I thought about the victory but did not think much. It was my first international
competition and I was very nervous before the race. I was lucky to win and feel the
taste of gold medals. I expect a more challenging competition tomorrow,” said Yang.
Forty kilometers norh of central Chengdu, the Sanxingdui site is rgrded as one of
the most imporant dscveries of the 20th century. Visitors can see thousands of
treasures dating back to the Shang Dynasty (1600—1046 BC) in Sanxingdui
Museum.
This one-day Chengdu tour not only takes you to visit the lovely kingdom of
giant pandas, but also the mysterious Sanxingdui illizaion. The protected pandas and
Sanxingdu’s relis (遗迹) are both considered national treasures.
Yan Yan Gu Shi (Salt and Words Story), a new app (应用程序) for storytellers to
share short stories which can be mostly finished in 10 to 20 minutes, appeared for the
first time on China’s largest Q & A platform (平台) Zhihu on May 18, 2023.
An exhibition (展览), which was held in Bejing Fun in Qianmen Street between
May 18 and 28, showed the painted props(道具) of some of the most popular stories
on the app, providing visitors with an experience to play the roles.
1．Who got the gold medal in the Artistic Swimming World Cup in Egypt?
A．Yang Shuncheng. B．The Piano Guys. C．The six players.
2．Where can visitors see thousands of treasures dating back to the Shang Dynasty?
A．In Somabay. B．In Sanxingdui Museum. C．In the kingdom of pandas.
3．What is Yan Yan Gu Shi?
A．It’s a new app for storytelling. B．It’s a platform to sell paintings. C．It’s an
exhibition in Beijing Fun.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了三则新闻报道。
1．细节理解题。根据“Sixteen-year-old Yang Shuncheng of China won in the Artistic Swimming World Cup in
Somabay, Egypt on Saturday, May 13, 2023.”可知杨顺诚在埃及艺术游泳世界杯上获得金牌。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Visitors can see thousands of treasures dating back to the Shang Dynasty (1600—1046
BC) in Sanxingdui Museum.”可知游客可以在三星堆博物馆看到数千件商朝的珍宝。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Yan Yan Gu Shi (Salt and Words Story), a new app (应用程序) for storytellers to share
short stories”可知盐言故事是一款讲故事的新应用。故选 A。
高频考点 2：复杂细节题
解题口诀：四次四辨
画定比×4
画--------每个选项画关键(数词、名词、动词；大写：人名、地名)
定--------每个选项回文定位找区间
比--------每个选项比较原文
口诀识别
题干要求找出四个选项中正确或错误的一项时，可利用“画定比”的方法分析选项，得出正确答案。
口诀解题典例：
You will swim there without danger if you remember these instructions(指示):
* Never swim alone.
* Never swim after a meal or when you feel hungry or tired.
* Do not stay in the water too long.
* Never go out in a boat if you cannot swim.
Remember: A red flag means that it is dangerous for anybody to go into the water. A blue flag means that it is
dangerous for children.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. You can always swim when you see a red flag
B. You should not swim with other people.
C. You should not swim after lunch
D.You can't swim for a short time.
口诀解题答案解析
根 据 题 干 中的 TRUE 及 口 诀 可 知 ， A项的 always swim 与 原 文 "A red flag means that it is dangerous for
anybody to go into the water."不符，B项在原文中没有体现，C项的 not swim after lunch 与原文 Never swim
after a meal 同义， D项can't swim for a short time 与原文“Do not stay in the water too long.”意思相反，故选
C。
解题坑点
1.进行复杂细节题的画定比时，须特别注意错误选项的特征：
(1)偷换概念：句子部分内容和原文重合，但通过关键词的改变而使得含义大相径庭。
(2)张冠李戴：选项信息在文章中全部涉及，但是主体和信息的匹配做了位置调换。
(3)无中生有：原文无相关描写。
(4)以偏概全：用部分代替整体。
2.复杂细节题常考“三正一误”,选NOT TRUE 的情况，不要选择正确表述。
母题 2
（2023·山东济南·统考中考真题）
◎◎◎ Blog
Diana
Garcia
@dgarcia
It’s a mini-project for my course at college. Thanks to all my
friends (174 in total) who answered my questions about
selfies (自拍). Here’s the result.
Selfies in Numbers
Who’s Taking Selfies? Top Situations for Selfies
30% at a party / on a night out
34% on vacation
20% at school
16% in front of the mirror
30% with a friend /a group of friends
52% alone
Changing Selfies Top Reasons for Selfies
I have used an app（应用程序）to...
...change my hair 37%
...add glasses or a silly mustache 32%
...add a filter（滤镜）25%
1 to remember a happy
moment
2 because you feel good
3 because you look good
4 to share information about
your life
FUN FACT!! People take TWO selfies a day on average.
摘要：

专题三中考题型语法知语法知识识第13讲阅读理解题型要点归纳思维导图解题口诀及母题典例阅读理解题型高频考点实用解题口诀高频考点1：单一细节题解题口诀：画定比口诀注释：画-------阅读题干画关键(数词、名词、动词；大写：人名、地名)定—----回文定位找区间比—----选项比较原文口诀识别阅读理解题目以6W(What/Who/When/Where/Why/Which)+1H(How)及其变式进行提问时，用此口诀解题。口诀解题典例Awomanwascollectingmoneyforacharity.Themoneyshecollectedwasgoingtobegiventopoorchild...

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