2022年高考英语试卷(北京)(机考 无听力)(解析卷)

2025-05-06 0 0 45.82KB 20 页 10玖币
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2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)
英语
本试卷共 11 页,共 100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节,30 分)
第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的 ABCD四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped to the doorway of the
classroom to take a break. Suddenly, I ____1____ a movement of the heavy wooden door. This was the very door I
____2____ guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold. I felt a chill (寒意) go through
my body.
My legs carried me to that door, and I pushed it open. It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was
____3____ that day. He had been dropped off at school late and was ____4____ to open the door.
He must have been waiting there for quite a while! Without a word, I rushed him to the hospital. He was
treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to ____5____ , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I
thought.
The next morning, one of the first to ____6____ was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with
energy, but his ____7____ could be heard as loud as ever! I gave him a warm hug and told him how ____8____ I
was to see him. His words have stayed with me all these years, “I knew you would open the door.”
That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to ____9____. To a child, every minute
feels like forever. He didn’t attempt to walk back home; he waited and trusted. This five-year-old taught me a
powerful lesson in _____10_____ .
1. A. caused B. spotted C. checked D. imagined
2. A. hesitantly B. randomly C. dizzily D. carefully
3. A. angry B. absent C. special D. noisy
4. A. courageous B. content C. unable D. unwilling
5. A. recover B. play C. change D. wait
6. A. settle B. gather C. arrive D. react
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7
.
A. sneeze B. weep C. complaint D. laughter
8. A. lucky B. happy C. curious D. nervous
9. A. show up B. pull up C. hold up D. line up
10. A. gratitude B. forgiveness C. faith D. kindness
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了,被关在了门外,小男孩推不开门,于是大冬天的在门
外等了很久,直到老师不经意间发现门有动静,才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给他开
门,这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。
1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:突然,我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A. caused 引起、使发生;B. spotted
看见、注意到;C. checked 检查、核对;D. imagined 想象。根据后面的“a movement of the heavy wooden
door.”可知,此处表示看到门动了下,spot 符合语境。故选 B项。
2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过,以确保他们不受严寒侵袭的门。A.
hesitantly 迟疑地、踌躇地;B. randomly 随机地;C. dizzily 头晕眼花地;D. carefully 小心地、谨慎地。根据
后面的“to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.”可知,要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭,说明是小心翼翼地
领着孩子们通过,carefully 符合语境。故选 D项。
3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:是我幼儿园的一个孩子,我以为他那天没来。A. angry 生气的、愤怒的;B.
absent 缺席的、不在的;C. special 特殊的、特别的;D. noisy 嘈杂的、聒噪的。根据下文的“He had been
dropped off at school late and was ____4____ to open the door.”可知,是小男孩来晚了,又开不了门,所以
老师以为他没来,此处 absent 符合语境。故选 B
4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他很晚才被送到学校,打不开门。A. courageous 勇敢的;B. content 满足的、
满意的;C. unable 无法胜任的、不会的;D. unwilling 不愿意的。根据上文的“the heavy wooden door.”和
下文的“He must have been waiting there for quite a while!”可知,门很重,小男孩打不开,所以才在门外等
了很久,此处指“打不开门”,unable 符合语境。故选 C
5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他需要时间恢复,我想他第二天不会来上课了。A. recover 恢复、康复;B. play
玩闹、戏弄;C. change 改变D. wait 。根据面的“He was treated for frostbite on his hands.”可知,
小男孩手冻伤了,所以需要时间恢复,此处 recover 符合语境。故选 A项。
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6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天上,我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A. settle 、定
B. gather 聚集召集C. arrive D. react 反应。根据下文“Not only did he run in with energy,”可知,
小男孩精力充沛来,说明是来了学校,故此处指第一学校的arrive。故选 C
7题详解】
考查词词义辨析。句意:他不仅精力充沛来,而且他的笑声还像样响亮!A. sneeze
B. weep 哭泣C. complaint 抱怨D. laughter 笑声。根据面的“Not only did he run in with energy”可
知,小男孩精力充沛来,说明身体恢复了,结合后面的“could be heard as loud as ever”可知,
此处指“笑声和以样响亮”,laughter 符合语境。故选 D
8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我给了他一个温暖拥抱告诉他我很高见到他。A. lucky 运的;B.
happy 开心的、幸福的;C. curious 好奇的;D. nervous 紧张的、担忧的。根据上文“He’d need time to
____5____ , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought.”可知,作以为小男孩不会来学校,所以看
到小男孩的时该是开心的,happy 符合语境。故选 B
9题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意:在那个寒早晨,他等了很久很久,才等到大的出现。A. show up 面,
出现;B. pull up 起、下来;C. hold up 起、阻挡D. line up 排队。根据上下文语义可知,小男孩在
等了很久,才等到大出现给他开门,此处用 show up 符合语境。故选 A
10 题详解】
考查词词义辨析。句意:这个五岁的孩子给我在信念面上了一的课。A. gratitude 感激B.
forgiveness 宽恕C. faith 信任、信念;D. kindness 善良仁慈。根据面“He didn’t attempt to walk back
home; he waited and trusted.”可知,小男孩在门等了很久,没有试,说明小男孩有很的的信
念,故此处指老师从小男孩上学到了一关于信念的东西,此处指“关于信念的课”,faith 符合语境。
故选 C
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
A
阅读下短文,根据短文填空。在示词的空白仅填写 1恰当词,在给出示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
Helen was walking down the street late ____11____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused
on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man
charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run.
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Eventually, the man ____13____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
【答案】11. in 12. to harm
13. caught
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主讲述的是海伦独行时的一
11 题详解】
考查词。句意:深夜海伦抱购物袋走上。in the evening 意为“在晚上”,搭配。故 in
12 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:海伦担心他可有意伤害她便始快跑。分析句子结,可知应填非谓
动词的形have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”,搭配,不定作后定语。故to
harm
13 题详解】
考查动词时。句意:最,那个男人追上了,他是想把她钱包还结合句意应填谓语动
词的形,动作发生在过去,用一过去时。故caught
B
阅读下短文,根据短文填空。在示词的空白仅填写 1恰当词,在给出示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____14____ (support) by experts,
suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are
dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally
____16____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when
we detect the smell associated with danger.
【答案】14. supported
15. whether
16. has
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是更喜欢些味道而不是其味道的一个原因,是们对气
偏好习得的,这个理论也越多地被专家支持的。
14 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:被专家越越多支持的一个理论表明气偏好习得的。分析句子结可知,
空格处的动词做非谓语,结合空格后的 by experts 判断出该处意为“被专家支持”,所以空格
过去分词表被动。故supported
4| 20
摘要:

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)英语本试卷共11页,共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答,在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OneMondaymorning,whilethechildrenwereenjoying“freeplay”,Isteppedtothedoorwayoftheclassroomtotakeabreak.Suddenly,I____...

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