A Security and Trust Framework for Decentralized 5G Marketplaces Jose Mar ıa Jorquera Valero Manuel Gil P erez and Gregorio Mart ınez P erez

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A Security and Trust Framework for

Decentralized 5G Marketplaces

Jos´

e Mar´

ıa Jorquera Valero, Manuel Gil P´

erez, and Gregorio Mart´

ınez P´

erez

Faculty of Computer Science, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain

Email: {josemaria.jorquera, mgilperez, gregorio}@um.es

Abstract—5G networks intend to cover user demands through

multi-party collaborations in a secure and trustworthy manner.

To this end, marketplaces play a pivotal role as enablers for

network service consumers and infrastructure providers to offer,

negotiate, and purchase 5G resources and services. Nevertheless,

marketplaces often do not ensure trustworthy networking by

analyzing the security and trust of their members and offers.

This paper presents a security and trust framework to enable

the selection of reliable third-party providers based on their

history and reputation. In addition, it also introduces a reward

and punishment mechanism to continuously update trust scores

according to security events. Finally, we showcase a real use case

in which the security and trust framework is being applied.

Index Terms—Security, Trust Management, 5G, Trustworthy

Relationships

Tipo de contribuci´

on: Investigaci´

on en desarrollo

I. INTRODUCTION

The ﬁfth generation of mobile networks (5G) entails a

continuously increasing ﬁgure of interconnected end-users as

well as relationships among entities. Thereby, 5G resource,

service, and infrastructure providers are constantly working on

innovative solutions to deal with the huge demand from ten-

ants and users for data capacity, bandwidth, network coverage,

and latency. One of the most promising approaches is decen-

tralized marketplaces. A marketplace is normally described as

a centralized or decentralized repository in which thousand of

offers are advertised by resource and infrastructure providers.

The trading of such resources and services is carried out by

consumers who need to cover dynamic requirements and high

Quality-of-Service (QoS); for instance, high speed, low energy

consumption, and automatically satisfy user demands. In this

context, marketplaces boost the generation of service chains

across operators with security and trustworthiness [1].

Conventionally, trust has been employed as a mechanism

capable of determining the trustworthiness level that a trustor

has in a trustee. In this regard, there are multiple models for

determining a trust level such as PKI-based, role-based, or

reputation-based, among others. The latter is one of the most

considered models, since it not only allows the trust to be cal-

culated based on entity’s behavior in previous interactions but

also allows gathering feedback from reliable recommenders

who also interacted with the entity. Yet, reputation-based trust

models also open the door to key challenges to be addressed

whether they want to be one of the technologies that await to

support next-generation solutions (5G and beyond) [2].

Especially, trust models should guarantee a minimum set

of features in order to be integrated with promising 5G

solutions. First and foremost, trust models need to provide

highly dynamic and context-dependence solutions as 5G

ecosystems tend to support scenarios where main actors

scale and migrate ﬂexibly. In this sense, trust models should

continuously collect information from the principal actors

involved in the relationship through automatic mechanisms

triggered by events, rules, time, etc. By means of these

mechanisms, the trust score can be rapidly adapted in real-

time, and in consequence, adjust the participating entities, if

necessary. Besides, trust models should ensure reliable end-to-

end establishments, therefore any intermediate entities must

be analyzed. Another pivotal aspect to be covered is the

automated management following a zero-touch approach. On

the one hand, trust models should leverage tools that enable

the automatization of network and service management via

high-level policies, and artiﬁcial intelligence algorithms. On

the other hand, they should empower a ﬂexible integration

with other 5G essential services and their workﬂows. Lastly,

trust models should fulﬁll the zero trust principle [3]. It

attempts not to attribute implicit trust to an entity regardless of

whether the trustor and trustee had previously a relationship or

whether both entities belong to the same domain. Therefore,

trust models would avoid utilizing an outdated trust value

without being updated at a given time as well as assign trust-

by-default to entities under our reliable zone.

Despite the progress of literature, more efforts are needed

to enhance the trust and reputation models in 5G scenarios as

prior trust models did not contemplate all requirements set out

above. Furthermore, the trust concept also includes security

aspects, therefore considering security-related features for

proﬁling actor behavior would help to detect feasible threats

as well as to have a broader view when determining trust. In

this regard, this paper presents a security and trust framework

capable of ensuring a trustworthy network inside of a decen-

tralized marketplace. In particular, such a framework enables

consumers to establish trustworthy end-to-end connections

across domains, at the same time it covers the aforementioned

challenges. To this end, the security and trust framework

analyzes a set of product offers, published by resource and

infrastructure providers in a decentralized marketplace, in

order to predict trust scores from previous interactions as well

as recommendations from trustworthy third parties. It should

be pointed out that such a framework is being developed in

the 5GZORRO H2020 European project [4], which enables a

secure, ﬂexible, and distributed multi-stakeholder combination

and composition of resources and services in 5G networks.

Additionally, the security and trust framework also introduces

a reward and punishment mechanism to continuously update

trust levels from multiple security events obtained in real-time.

Finally, the paper introduces a real use case to demonstrate

how the framework is integrated with other 5G services and

helps to perform a smart resource and service discovery.

arXiv:2210.11517v1 [cs.CR] 20 Oct 2022

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ASecurityandTrustFrameworkforDecentralized5GMarketplacesJos´eMar´aJorqueraValero,ManuelGilP´erez,andGregorioMart´nezP´erezFacultyofComputerScience,UniversityofMurcia,30100Murcia,SpainEmail:fjosemaria.jorquera,mgilperez,gregoriog@um.esAbstract5Gnetworksintendtocoveruserdemandsthroughmulti-partycol...

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A Security and Trust Framework for Decentralized 5G Marketplaces Jose Mar ıa Jorquera Valero Manuel Gil P erez and Gregorio Mart ınez P erez

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