保持云计算的竞争力：混合云解决方案如何惠及公共和私营部门（英文版）

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Keeping cloud computing competitive How multi-cloud solutions benefit the public & private sectors

Keeping

cloud computing

competitive

How multi-cloud

solutions benet

the public &

private sectors

This year marks the 30th anniversary of the birth of the World Wide Web, but the

concept of “cloud computing” – the sharing of servers or computing space – even

predates the Internet. While the ﬁrst waves of mass digitalization were driven by the

personal computer and on-premise technology for business, now, after massive ad-

vances in computing power, capacity and connectivity, we are truly ready for the

cloud computing age. A vast range of products and services are all being delivered via

“the cloud”, creating an enormous and fast-developing market.

As this study will illustrate, “cloud” actually has several meanings and levels, from

infrastructure to software applications, presenting potential customers with a wide

range of possible combinations. But whether a customer deploys a “single”, “hybrid”

or “multi cloud” solution, this trend is now unavoidable, not only for businesses, but

also for public sector institutions.

As we highlighted in our previous study Fair Play in the Digital Arena, the digital

economy can not only create global players seemingly overnight; it can also give

dominant market positions to a few. And in some cases, e.g. search engines or mobile

operating systems, this can lead to critical bottlenecks or even competitive abuse.

The hypergrowth and dynamism of cloud computing is already starting to form a

small group of main market players at several operating levels, which must raise the

question: could we soon see another digital market sector produce dominant, duopo-

ly or monopoly players?

With this study, we want to examine the cloud computing ecosystem, its potential

impact on business and the public sector, and vice-versa. How can governments prevent

strategic dependencies, increase cyber resiliency and – at the same time – foster inno-

vation and competition? Further, how can the public sector wisely adopt this technol-

ogy, especially given the diverse range of missions that governments have regarding

data – some of which have to be made open by law, and some of which are top secret?

We would like to thank ORACLE for their support of this study and hope that its ex-

ploration of cloud computing's impact will help inform the debate about this crucial

component of the digital economy. Our wish is that when the Internet turns 40, we

don't look back and regret not having done more to safeguard competition in the wild

days when cloud computing was young.

Prof. Dr.

Friedbert Püger

Chairman,

Internet Economy

Foundation

Preface

Clark Parsons

Managing Director,

Internet Economy

Foundation

IN THEIR CAPACITY AS BUYERS, GOVERNMENTS MUST …

1 … align their use of the cloud with strategic objectives

2 … minimize lock-in eects by deploying multi-cloud solutions

3 … create contractual obligations for interoperability

and portability

IN THEIR CAPACITY AS REGULATORS, GOVERNMENTS MUST …

1 … drive the development of Europe-wide security standards

for cloud computing

2 … support self-regulation by cloud service providers

3 … pursue the statutory regulation of cloud service

interoperability as a last resort

SIX KEYS TO INNOVATION AND DIVERSITY

IN CLOUD COMPUTING. AS BOTH BUYER

AND REGULATOR, THE PUBLIC SECTOR

MUST LAY THE FOUNDATIONS FOR FAIR

COMPETITION IN THE CLOUD.



TIME FOR ACTION 

Toward healthy competition in cloud computing



TREND TOWARD CONCENTRATION IN

CLOUD COMPUTING 

A fast-growing market dominated by a handful of providers



DIVERSITY AND FLEXIBILITY 

Multi-cloud solutions can mitigate the drawbacks of individual cloud services



MULTICLOUD SOLUTIONS AS THE WAY

FORWARD FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS 

Complex needs demand versatile solutions



BUYERS AND REGULATORS 

How governments can drive diversity and competition in the cloud computing market

Contents

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KeepingcloudcomputingcompetitiveHowmulti-cloudsolutionsbenefitthepublic&privatesectorsKeepingcloudcomputingcompetitiveHowmulti-cloudsolutionsbenefitthepublic&privatesectors3Thisyearmarksthe30thanniversaryofthebirthoftheWorldWideWeb,buttheconceptof“cloudcomputing”–thesharingofserversorcomputingspace–...

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保持云计算的竞争力：混合云解决方案如何惠及公共和私营部门（英文版）

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