2012年12月英语四级真题及答案（1）

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2012 年12 月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷（1）

PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes)

注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1上，请在答题卡 1上作答。

Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Education Pays based

on the statistics provided in the chart below (Weekly earnings of 2010). Please write at

least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Education: A Worthy Investment

Weekly earnings in 2010($)

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Education Pays

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on

Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),

C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Should Sugar Be Regulated like Alcohol and Tobacco?

Sugar poses enough health risks that it should be considered a controlled substance just like alcohol and

tobacco, argue a team of researchers from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).

In an opinion piece called “The Toxic ( 毒性的) Truth About Sugar” published Feb.1 in Nature, Robert

Lustig, Laura Schmidt and Claire Brindis argue that it’s wrong to consider sugar just “empty calories.” They

write: “There is nothing empty about these calories. A growing body of scientific evidence is showing that

fructose (果糖) can trigger processes that lead to liver toxicity and a host of other chronic diseases. A little is not a

problem, but a lot kills — slowly.”

Almost everyone’s heard of — or personally experienced — the well-known sugar high, so perhaps the

comparison between sugar and alcohol or tobacco shouldn’t come as a surprise. But it’s doubtful that Americans

will look favorably upon regulating their favorite vice. We’re a nation that’s sweet on sugar: the average U.S.

adult downs 22 teaspoons of sugar a day, according to the American Heart Association, and surveys have found

that teens swallow 34 teaspoons.

To counter our consumption, the authors advocate taxing sugary foods and controlling sales to kids under

17. Already, 17% of U.S. children and teens are obese (肥胖), and across the world the sugar intake (摄入) has

increased three times in the past 50 years. The increase has helped create a global obesity plague that contributes

to 35 million annual deaths worldwide from noninfectious diseases including cancer, heart disease and diabetes.

Linda Matzigkeit, a senior vice president at Children’s Healthcare, said “We have to do something about this or

our country is in danger. It’s not good if your state has the second-highest obesity rate. Obese children turn into

obese adults.”

“There are good calories and bad calories, just as there are good fats and bad fats, good amino acids (氨基

酸) and bad amino acids,” Lustig, director of the Weight Assessment for Teen and Child Health program at UCSF,

said in a statement. “But sugar is toxic beyond its calories.”

The food industry tries to imply that “a calorie is a calorie is a calorie,” says Kelly Brownell, director of the

Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University. “But this and other research suggests there is

something different about sugar,” says Brownell.

The UCSF report emphasizes the metabolic (新陈代谢) effects of sugar. Excess sugar can alter metabolism,

raise blood pressure, affect the signaling of hormones and damage the liver — outcomes that sound suspiciously

similar to what can happen after a person drinks too much alcohol. Schmidt, co-chair of UCSF’s Community

Engagement and Health Policy program, noted on CNN: “When you think about it, this actually makes a lot of

sense. Alcohol, after all, is simply made from sugar. Where does vodka come from? Sugar.”

But there are also other areas of impact that researchers have investigated: the effect of sugar on the brain

and how liquid calories are interpreted differently by the body than solids. Research has suggested that sugar

activates the same reward pathways in the brain as traditional drugs of abuse like morphine or heroin. No one is

claiming the effect of sugar is quite that strong, but, says Brownell, “it helps confirm what people tell you

sometimes, that they hunger for sugar and have withdrawal symptoms when they stop eating it.”

There’s also something particularly tricky about sugary drinks. “When calories come in liquids, the body

doesn’t feel as full,” says Brownell. “People are getting more of their calories than ever before from sugared

drinks.”

Other countries, including France, Greece and Denmark, impose soda taxes, and the concept is being

considered in at least 20 U.S. cities and states. Last summer, Philadelphia came close to passing a 2-cents-per-

ounce soda tax. The Rudd Center has been a strong advocate of a more modest 1-cent-per-punce tax. But at least

one study, from 2010, has raised doubts that soda taxes would result in significant weight loss: apparently people

who are determined to eat — and drink — unhealthily will find ways to do it. Teens — no surprise — are good at

finding ways to get the things they can’t have, so state policies banning all sugar-sweetened drinks from public

schools and providing only water, milk or 100% fruit juices haven’t had the intended effect of steering kids away

from drinking sugared drinks: the average teen consumes about 300 calories per day — that’s nearly 15% of his

daily calories — in sweetened drinks, and the food and drink industry is only too happy to feed this need.

Ultimately, regulating sugar will prove particularly tricky because it goes beyond health concerns; sugar, for

so many people, is love. A plate of cut-up vegetables just doesn’t pack the same emotional a cupcake and not an

apple as an after-school treat today. We don’t do that regularly — it’s the first time this school year, actually —

and that’s what made it special. As a society, could we ever reach the point where we’d think apples — not a

cupcake — are something to get excited over? Says Brindis, one of the report’s authors and director of UCSF’s

Philip R.Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies: “We recognize that there are cultural and celebratory aspects of

sugar. Changing these patterns is very complicated.”

For inroads (进展) to be made, say the authors in their statement, people have to be better educated about

the hazards of sugar and agree that something’s got to change:

Many of the interventions (干预) that have reduced alcohol and tobacco consumption can be models for

addressing the sugar problem, such as imposing special sales taxes, controlling access, and tightening licensing

requirements on vending machines ( 自动售货机 ) and snack-bars sell high sugar products in schools and

workplaces.

“We’re not talking prohibition,” Schmidt said. “We’re not advocating a major imposition of the government

into people’s lives. We’re talking about gentle ways to make sugar consumption slightly less convenient, thereby

moving people away from the concentrated does. What we want is to actually increase people’s choices by

making foods that aren’t loaded with sugar comparatively easier and cheaper to get.”

注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡 1上作答。

1. Why do some researchers think sugar should be considered “a controlled substance”?

[A] It contains nothing but empty calories.

[B] It is as harmful as morphine and heroin.

[C] It works the same way as alcohol and tobacco in the human body.

[D] Excessive intake of sugar results in liver toxicity and various diseases.

2. What might be Americans’ attitude towards government regulation of sugar consumption?

[A] Enthusiastic. [B] Indifferent. [C] Disapproving. [D] Supportive.

3. What is a consequence of excessive sugar intake worldwide?

[A] It contributes to35 million noninfectious disease-related deaths a year.

[B] It has increased the death toll nearly three times in the past 50 years.

[C] It contributes to the rise of prices of sugar and sugary foods.

[D] It has increased the global obesity rate to some 17 percent.

4. The food industry tries to relieve the public worry about sugar intake by suggesting that .

[A] sugar is no more than a source of energy

[B] sugar is not harmful like alcohol or tobacco

[C] the hazard of sugar to the body is exaggerated

[D] the consumption of sugar is easily controllable

5. According to Brownell, liquid sugar .

[A] is especially attractive to young children

[B] is much easier and quicker to absorb than solid sugar

[C] effectively stimulates people’s appetite

[D] increases your calorie intake without your knowing it

6. What does the author think of the practice of imposing sugar taxes?

[A] It will harm the food and drink industry. [B] It is unlikely to yield the intended effect.

[C] It is likely to alter people’s eating habits. [D] It can steer kids away from sugar foods.

7. Regulating sugar will prove tricky because .

[A] people consume sugar in large quantities [B] nothing has been found to replace sugar

[C] sugar may convey a sense of love [D] many foods will become tasteless

8. In order to reduce sugar consumption, education should be conducted to raise people’s awareness of its

9. To address the sugar problem, the author suggests that the licensing requirements on vending machines and

snack-bars selling high sugar products be .

10. A gentle way to steer people away from sugar is to make inexpensive, low-sugar foods

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each

conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and

the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause,

you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then

mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2上作答。

11. [A] He needs another week for the painting. [B] The painting was completed just in time.

[C] The building won’t open until next week. [D] His artistic work has been well received.

12. [A] Go camping. [B] Rent a tent.

[C] Decorate his house. [D] organize a party.

13. [A] She talked with Mr. Wright on the phone. [B] She is about to call Mr. Wright’s secretary.

[C] She will see Mr. Wright at lunch time. [D] She failed to reach Mr. Wright.

14. [A] He is actually very hardworking. [B] He has difficulty finishing his project.

[C] He needs to spend more time in the lab. [D] He seldom tells the truth about himself.

15. [A] Rules restricting smoking. [B] Ways to quit smoking.

[C] Smokers’ health problems. [D] Hazards of passive smoking.

16. [A] He is out of town all morning. [B] He is tied up in family matters.

[C] He has been writing a report. [D] He has got meetings to attend.

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Doctoraldegree1,5501,2721,038712626444Master’sdegreeBachelor’sdegreeSomecollege,nodegreeHighschooldiplomaLessthanhighschooldegree2012年12月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷（1）PartⅠWriting(30minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上，请在答题卡1上作答。Direction:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionentitledEducationPaysbasedonthes...

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2012年12月英语四级真题及答案（1）

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