专业八级真题专八2010年真题

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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2010)

-GRADE EIGHT-

TIME LIMIT: 115 MIN

PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSION（25 MIN）

SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to

the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN

THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are) both grammatically and semantically

acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.

SECTION B INTERVIEW

In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of

each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken

ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four

choices of [A], [B], [C], and [D], and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.

Now, listen to Part One of the interview

1. [A] Because many Asian and African people came to the U. S.

[B] Because many people in the U. S. shared the same religion.

[C] Because when people came to the U. S., the became the same.

[D] Because people with different cultural background blended into one nation.

2. [A] Merging of different cultural identities. [B] More emphasis on homogeneity.

[C] Embracing of more ethnic differences. [D] Acceptance of more branches of Christianity.

3. [A] Some places are more diverse than others. [B] Towns are less diverse than large cities.

[C] Diversity can be seen everywhere. [D] America is truly diverse country.

4. [A] The population of Pennsylvania remains the same in the last ten years.

[B] Different regions show different degrees of diversity.

[C] The U. S. is no longer a diverse nation.

[D] Diversity only occurs in the region with a large population of white people.

5. [A] Maine. [B] Selinsgrove. [C] Philadelpia. [D] California.

Now, listen to Part Two of the interview.

6. [A] 57%. [B] 98%. [C] 97%. [D] 34%.

7. [A] Greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.

[B] Both older and younger populations are racially diverse.

[C] Age diversity could lead to pension problems.

[D] Older populations are more racially diverse.

8. [A] Workers will become wealthy.

[B] In the future, the older white population will become wealthy.

[C] The retirees will benefit a lot from social security.

[D] The younger minorities will possess a large amount of wealth.

9. [A] It was most evident between 1990 and 2000.

[B] It exists among Muslim immigrants.

[C] It is restricted to certain places in the U. S.

[D] The central part of the U. S. still remains the same.

10. [A] Different parts of the U.S. display different degrees of diversity.

[B] Many parts of the U.S. become increasingly diverse in terms of race and religion.

[C] Immigrants bring diversity to the U.S.

[D] The central part of the U.S. still remains the same.

PART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSION（45 MIN）

SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple

choice question, there are four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is

the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE

Among the great cities of the world, Kolkata (formerly spelt as Calcutta), the capital of India’s West Bengal,

and the home of nearly 15 million people, is often mentioned as the only one that still has a large fleet of

hand-pulled rickshaws.

Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use

rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short

distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with

marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from

various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour

ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. The rickshaw

pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a

child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.

From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains. During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours.

Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws

being pulled through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for

rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even

the governor takes rickshaws.”

While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according

to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as

it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of

rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a

combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in

a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a

dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the

rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where

rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in

income, doing better than only the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make

a living in Bihar.

There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a

rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it

not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of

colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the

editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history

books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping

hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” he said, “but I question

whether we have the right to take away their livelihood.” Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to

demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.

When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based

on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, “If

you are so naive as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw

pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pin their hopes on being offered something

in its place. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers,

who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks,

selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. “The

government was the government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with the

capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.”

But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods,

out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be

allowed to die out naturally as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all,

is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of

months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been

delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be

offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been

part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One

day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers

might be rehabilitated.

“Which option has been chosen?” I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my

visit.

“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.

“When will it be decided?”

“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.

11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the following EXCEPT ________.

[A] taking foreign tourists around the city [B] providing transport to school children

[C] carrying store supplies and purchases [D] carrying people over short distances

12. Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers from Bihar?

[A] They come from a relatively poor area.

[B] They are provided with decent accommodation.

[C] Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.

[D] They are often caught by policemen in the streets.

13. That “For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar” (4 paragraph)

means that even so, ________.

[A] the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar [B] the poor from Bihar fare better than back home

[C] the poor never try to make a living in Bihar [D] the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata

14. We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware people ________.

[A] hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws

[B] strongly support the ban on rickshaws

[C] call for humanitarian actions fro rickshaw pullers

[D] keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws

15. Which of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?

[A] “…—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.” (2nd paragraph)

[B] “…, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.” (4th paragraph)

[C] Kolkata, a resident told me, “ has difficulty letting go.” (7th paragraph)

[D]“…or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas.” (6th paragraph)

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摘要：

TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2010)-GRADEEIGHT-TIMELIMIT:115MINPARTⅠLISTENINGCOMPREHENSION（25MIN）SECTIONAMINI-LECTUREInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.Youwillhearthemini-lectureONCEONLY.Whilelisteningtothemini-lecture,pleasecompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap....

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