The Algonquin Legends of New England (Leland, Charles Godfrey)

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The Algonquin Legends of New England

Charles Godfrey Leland

Table of Contents

The Algonquin Legends of New England.........................................................................................................1

Charles Godfrey Leland...........................................................................................................................1

PREFACE................................................................................................................................................3

AUTHORITIES.......................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................9

THE ALGONQUIN LEGENDS OF NEW ENGLAND....................................................................................13

GLOOSKAP THE DIVINITY..............................................................................................................13

Of Glooskap's Birth, and of his Brother Malsum the Wolf...................................................................13

How Glooskap made the Elves and Fairies, and then Man of an Ash Tree, and last of all, Beasts,

and of his Coming at the Last Day........................................................................................................14

Of the Great Deeds which Glooskap did for Men; how he named the Animals, and who they

were that formed his Family.................................................................................................................19

How Win−pe the Sorcerer, having stolen Glooskap's Family, was by him pursued, and how,

Glooskap for a Merry Jest cheated the Whale. Of the Song of the Clams, and how the Whale

smoked a Pipe.......................................................................................................................................20

Of the Dreadful Deeds of the Evil Pitcher, who was both Man and Woman, and how she fell in

love with Glooskap, and, being scorned, became his Enemy. Of the Toads and Porcupines, and

the Awful Battle of the Giants..............................................................................................................22

How the Story of Glooskap and Pook−jin−skwess, the Evil Pitcher, is told by the

Passamaquoddy Indians. [Footnote: In this story Glooskap is called Pogumk, the Black Cat or

Fisher, that is, a species of wild cat, while Martin is a N'mockswess, sable. There seems to be no

settled idea as to what was the totem or innate animal nature of the lord of men and beasts. I have

a series of pictures scraped on birch−bark illustrating these myths, executed by a

Passamaquoddy, in which Glooskap and the adopted grandmother in the stone canoe are

represented as wood−chucks, or ground−hogs. (Mon−in−kwess, P.)].................................................25

How Glooskap became friendly to the Loons, and made them his Messengers...................................27

How Glooskap made his Uncle Mikchich the Turtle into a Great Man, and got him a Wife.

[Footnote: This legend of the tortoise is carefully compiled from six different versions: the

narration of Tomah Josephs, a Passamaquoddy; the Anglo−Indian manuscript, already cited; two

accounts in the Rand manuscript; the author quoted without credit in The Maritime Provinces;

and one by Mrs. W. Wallace Brown. As the totem of the Tortoise was of the highest rank among

the Algonquins, this account of its origin is of corresponding interest. Having employed an old

Indian to carve the handle of a war or scalping knife for me, such as was used by his

Passamaquoddy ancestors, he carved on it a tortoise. It was especially the totem of the

Lenni−Lenape, called by the Passamaquoddies Lel−le−mabe, “the people.”] Of Turtles' Eggs,

and how Glooskap vanquished a Sorcerer by smoking Tobacco.........................................................27

How Glooskap sailed through the great Cavern of Darkness...............................................................31

Of the Great Works which Glooskap made in the Land.......................................................................32

The Story of Glooskap as told in a few Words by a Woman of the Penobscots..................................33

How Glooskap, leaving the World, all the Animals mourned for him, and how, ere he departed,

he gave Gifts to Men.............................................................................................................................34

How Glooskap had a great Frolic with Kitpooseagunow, a Mighty Giant who caught a Whale.........36

How Glooskap made a Magician of a Young Man, who aided another to win a Wife and do

Wonderful Deeds..................................................................................................................................40

How a Certain Wicked Witch sought to cajole the Great and Good Glooskap, and of her

Punishment............................................................................................................................................44

Of other Men who went to Glooskap for Gifts.....................................................................................44

Of Glooskap and the Three Other Seekers...........................................................................................46

The Algonquin Legends of New England

Table of Contents

The Algonquin Legends of New England

Of Glooskap and the Sinful Serpent.....................................................................................................48

The Tale of Glooskap as told by another Indian. Showing how the Toad and Porcupine lost their

Noses.....................................................................................................................................................49

How Glooskap changed Certain Saucy Indians into Rattlesnakes.......................................................50

How Glooskap bound Wuchowsen, the Great Wind−Bird, and made all the Waters in all the

World Stagnant.....................................................................................................................................51

How Glooskcap conquered the Great Bull−Frog, and in what Manner all the Pollywogs, Crabs,

Leeches, and other Water Creatures were created................................................................................52

How the Lord of Men and Beasts strove with the Mighty Wasis, and was shamefully defeated.........55

How the great Glooskap fought the Giant Sorcerers at Saco, and turned them into Fish....................56

How Glooskap went to England and France, and was the first to make America known to the

Europeans..............................................................................................................................................57

How Glooskap is making Arrows, and preparing for a Great Battle. The Twilight of the Indian

Gods......................................................................................................................................................59

How Glooskap found the Summer........................................................................................................60

THE MERRY TALES OF LOX, THE MISCHIEF MAKER,.............................................................63

Of the Wolverine and the Wolves, or how Master Lox Froze to Death...............................................74

How Master Lox played a Trick on Mrs. Bear, who lost her eyesight and had her eyes opened.........76

How Lox came to Grief by trying to catch a Salmon...........................................................................78

How Master Lox as a Raccoon killed the Bear and the Black Cats and performed other Notable

Feats of Skill, all to his Great Discredit................................................................................................78

How Lox deceived the Ducks, cheated the Chief, and beguiled the Bear............................................80

The Mischief Maker. A Tradition of the Origin of the Mythology of the Senecas. A Lox Legend.....83

How Lox told a Lie...............................................................................................................................89

THE AMAZING ADVENTURES OF MASTER RABBIT................................................................89

II. How Mahtigwess, the Rabbit dined with the Woodpecker Girls, and was again humbled by

trying to rival them...............................................................................................................................90

III. Of the Adventure with Mooin, the Bear; it being the Third and Last Time that Master Rabbit

made a Fool of himself.........................................................................................................................91

IV. Relating how the Rabbit became Wise by being Original, and of the Terrible Tricks which he

by Magic played Loup−Cervier, the Wicked Wild Cat........................................................................91

V. How Master Rabbit went to a Wedding and won the Bride............................................................95

VI. How Master Rabbit gave himself Airs...........................................................................................96

VII. The Young Man who was Saved by a Rabbit and a Fox..............................................................96

THE CHENOO LEGENDS..................................................................................................................98

The Story of the Great Chenoo, as told by the Passamaquoddies......................................................103

The Girl−Chenoo................................................................................................................................105

THUNDER STORIES........................................................................................................................106

How a hunter visited the Thunder Spirits who dwell in Mount Katahdin..........................................107

The Thunder and Lightning Men........................................................................................................108

Of the Woman who married the Thunder, and of their Boy...............................................................110

AT−O−SIS, THE SERPENT..............................................................................................................110

Of the Woman who loved a Serpent who lived in a Lake..................................................................112

The Mother of Serpents......................................................................................................................113

Origin of the Black Snakes.................................................................................................................114

THE PARTRIDGE.............................................................................................................................115

The Story of a Partridge and his Wonderful Wigwam.......................................................................119

The Algonquin Legends of New England

Table of Contents

The Algonquin Legends of New England

How the Partridge built Good Canoes for all the Birds, and a Bad One for Himself.........................120

The Mournful Mystery of the Partridge−Witch; setting forth how a Young Man died from

Love....................................................................................................................................................120

How one of the Partridge's Wives became a Sheldrake Duck, and why her Feet and Feathers are

Red......................................................................................................................................................122

THE INVISIBLE ONE.......................................................................................................................123

STORY OF THE THREE STRONG MEN........................................................................................126

THE WEEWILLMEKQ'.....................................................................................................................131

II. Muggahmaht'adem, the Dance of Old Age, or the Magic of the Weewillmekq'. [Footnote:

This mysterious being is called Wee−wil−li−ah−mek in Penobscot The correct pronounciation

is very nearly Wee−wil−'l−mekqu' for both Penobscot and Passamaquoddy, but this would be a

difficult utterence for any one who has never listened to the Algonquin soft gutturals.....................133

III. Another Version of the Dance of Old Age...................................................................................134

TALES OF MAGIC............................................................................................................................136

Tumilkoontaoo, or the Broken Wing..................................................................................................144

Fish−Hawk and Scapegrace................................................................................................................146

The Giant Magicians...........................................................................................................................148

The Algonquin Legends of New England

iii

The Algonquin Legends of New England

Charles Godfrey Leland

http://www.blackmask.com

PREFACE.• AUTHORITIES.• INTRODUCTION• THE ALGONQUIN LEGENDS OF NEW ENGLAND.•

GLOOSKAP THE DIVINITY.• Of Glooskap's Birth, and of his Brother Malsum the Wolf.• How Glooskap made the Elves and Fairies, and then Man of an Ash Tree, and last of all, Beasts, and

of his Coming at the Last Day.

•

Of the Great Deeds which Glooskap did for Men; how he named the Animals, and who they were that

formed his Family.

•

How Win−pe the Sorcerer, having stolen Glooskap's Family, was by him pursued, and how, Glooskap

for a Merry Jest cheated the Whale. Of the Song of the Clams, and how the Whale smoked a Pipe.

•

Of the Dreadful Deeds of the Evil Pitcher, who was both Man and Woman, and how she fell in love

with Glooskap, and, being scorned, became his Enemy. Of the Toads and Porcupines, and the Awful

Battle of the Giants.

•

How the Story of Glooskap and Pook−jin−skwess, the Evil Pitcher, is told by the Passamaquoddy

Indians.

•

How Glooskap became friendly to the Loons, and made them his Messengers.• How Glooskap made his Uncle Mikchich the Turtle into a Great Man, and got him a Wife.• How Glooskap sailed through the great Cavern of Darkness.• Of the Great Works which Glooskap made in the Land.• The Story of Glooskap as told in a few Words by a Woman of the Penobscots.• How Glooskap, leaving the World, all the Animals mourned for him, and how, ere he departed, he

gave Gifts to Men.

•

How Glooskap had a great Frolic with Kitpooseagunow, a Mighty Giant who caught a Whale.• How Glooskap made a Magician of a Young Man, who aided another to win a Wife and do

Wonderful Deeds.

•

How a Certain Wicked Witch sought to cajole the Great and Good Glooskap, and of her Punishment.• Of other Men who went to Glooskap for Gifts.• Of Glooskap and the Three Other Seekers.• Of Glooskap and the Sinful Serpent.• The Tale of Glooskap as told by another Indian. Showing how the Toad and Porcupine lost their

Noses.

•

How Glooskap changed Certain Saucy Indians into Rattlesnakes• How Glooskap bound Wuchowsen, the Great Wind−Bird, and made all the Waters in all the World

Stagnant.

•

How Glooskcap conquered the Great Bull−Frog, and in what Manner all the Pollywogs, Crabs,

Leeches, and other Water Creatures were created.

•

How the Lord of Men and Beasts strove with the Mighty Wasis, and was shamefully defeated.• How the great Glooskap fought the Giant Sorcerers at Saco, and turned them into Fish.•

The Algonquin Legends of New England 1

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