4.机考阅读理解

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曹胖学位英语——阅读理解专项讲解（机考）

一、知识点讲解

两大原理

（一）原理一：卡位原理

1.找出题干中的关键词（定位词）：

（1）显性关键词：专有名词（大写字母）、数字、年代、时间、连字符单词；

（2）谓语动词；

（3）实义名词。

2.找出四个选项关键词：

（1）专有名词（大写字母）、数字、年代、时间、连字符单词；

（2）比较级、最高级；

（3）谓语动词；

（4）实义名词；

（5）不认识的单词。

3.阅读文章，精准定位，在文章中找出题干及选项关键词。

4.对比四个选项选出正确答案。

（二）原理二：顺序原理

题干顺序与文章顺序是一致的。

Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is

why some friendship don’t last long. To have a friend, You must learn to treat your friend the way

you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be good friend means learning three rules:be

honest; be generous; be understanding.

Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do

not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you

may lose the friend’s trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly.

Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your

lunch money or your clothes. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can

be very valuable to friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you

help your friend know better.

Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go

wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be

a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try

to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.

No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in

common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity and

understanding.

1.Some friendships don’t last very long because_______.

A. some people receive friendship but don’t give friendship back

B. there are too many people who want to make friends

C. those who give others friendship receive friendship from others.

D. they don’t know friendship is something serious.

2.According to the passage honesty is_________.

A. something countable

B. the base of friendship

C. as important as money

D. more important than anything else

3.Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage?

A. Always tell your friends the truth.

B. Sharing your mind with your friends is of great value.

C. Discussing your problems with your friends often helps to solve the problem.

D. A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.

4.The best title of this passage is_________.

A. Honesty Is the Best Policy

B. A Friend in Need is a Friend Indeed

C. How to Be Friends

D. Three Important Points in Life

答案：1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C

二、真题演练

Passage 1

Country music star Kenny Rogers, known for classics like "The Gambler" and "Islands in the

Stream", died Friday night, He Was 81. He died of natural causes at home in Sandy Springs,

Georgia.

During his six-decade career, the popular singer sold more than 100 million albums

worldwide, won three Grammy Awards and was given a place in the Country Music. Hall of

Fame. He also published several photography books, donated time and money to noble causes,

appeared in a number of made-for-television movies and launched a restaurant chain.

Kenneth Donald Rogers was born in Houston on Aug. 21, 1938. The fourth of Edward and

Lucille's eight children, Rogers grew up in a government housing project. He was the first person

in his family to receive a high school diploma.

“As early as elementary school, I began to see music and singing as a relief from all the

awkwardness and embarrassment of growing up poor, shy and often an outsider," Rogers wrote in

his 2012 book, Luck or Something Like It: A Memoir. He entered his first talent contest when he

was 10. His version of "Lovesick Blues" won him the grand prize: a half-gallon of ice cream and

a meeting with a country music star.

In high school, he formed a vocal group called the Scholars. They recorded a few forgettable

songs, then went their separate ways. As a solo artist ，Kenneth Rogers recorded a song called

"That Crazy Feeling” which was released to the public.

In 1959, jazz pianist Bobby Doyle heard Rogers play at a club and asked him to join the

Bobby Doyle Three as a bassist（贝斯手）and harmony singer. Rogers wasn't a bass player but

signed on anyway. The group disbanded（解散) in the mid-1960s. By then, Rogers had "learned

how to be a musician from Bobby Doyle, " as he wrote half a century later.

1. From the passage we learn that Kenny Rogers was born in the .

A. early 1960s B. late 1930s C. early 1950s D. late 1940s

2. According to the passage“ ”is one of Kenny Rogers‘best remembered songs.

A. The Gambler

B. That Crazy Feeling

C. Lovesick Blues

D. Luck or Something Like It: A Memoir

3. The word version in Paragraph 4 is probably closest in meaning to .

A. translating B. reading C. singing D. dancing

4. According to the passage, Kenny Rogers.

A. came from a rich family B. was very confident

C. didn't finish high school D. wasn't a bass player

参考译文：

美国乡村音乐教父肯尼·罗杰斯——以《赌徒》和《溪中小岛》等经典音乐而闻名，

于周五晚去世，享年 81 岁。他在佐治亚州桑迪斯普林斯的家中安详去世。

在他六十年的音乐生涯中，这位流行歌手在全球售出过亿张专辑，荣获 3 项格莱美奖，

并在乡村音乐界占有一席之地，入选乡村音乐名人堂。他还出版了几本摄影书籍，为崇高

的事业贡献了时间和金钱，参演了许多电视电影，并创办了一家连锁餐厅。

肯尼斯·唐纳德·罗杰斯于 1938 年 8 月 21 日在休斯顿出生。罗杰斯在爱德华和露西

尔的八个孩子中排行第四，他在政府的廉租住宅区(由政府为贫困家庭建造的住宅区)长大。

他是家里第一个拿到高中文凭的人。

罗杰斯在 2012 年出版的《运气或类似的东西：回忆录》中写道：“早在上小学的时候，

我就开始将音乐和唱歌视为摆脱贫穷、害羞和常常是局外人的尴尬的一种解脱”。他 10 岁

时第一次参加才艺比赛。他唱的歌曲《相思布鲁斯》赢得了大奖：半加仑的冰淇淋和一次

与乡村音乐明星会面的机会。

高中时，罗杰斯组建了一个声乐社团，叫“学者”。他们录了几首歌，反响并不大，

后来就各奔东西了。作为一名独唱艺术家，肯尼斯·罗杰斯录制了一首名为《疯狂的感

觉》的歌曲，并向公众发行。

1959 年，爵士乐钢琴家鲍比·多伊尔在一家俱乐部听到了罗杰斯的演奏，就邀请他加

入博比·多伊尔三人组乐队，担任贝司手和和声歌手。罗杰斯不是贝司手，但还是签约了

该乐队在 20 世纪 60 年代中期解散。罗杰斯在半个世纪后写道：“从鲍比·道尔那里我学

会了如何成为一名音乐家。”

答案及精解：

1.B

事实细节题。题干问“从这篇文章可知，肯尼·罗杰斯出生于哪一年？”，定位于第

三段首句“Kenneth Donald Rogers was born in Houston on Aug. 21, 1938.”可知，出

生于 1938 年 8 月 21 日，即20 世纪30 年代末期，故答案应选B。

2.A

事实细节题。题干问“按照这篇文章，肯尼·罗杰斯的哪首歌是他最经典的歌曲之

一？”定位于第一段第一句“Country music star Kenny Rogers, known for classics

like ‘The Gambler’ and ‘Islands in the Stream’...”可知，肯尼·罗杰斯以《赌

徒》和《溪中小岛》等经典音乐而闻名，故答案选 A。B选项“

That Crazy Feeling

”

（《疯狂的感觉》）是罗杰斯作为独唱歌手唱的一首歌；C选项“

Lovesick Blues

”

（《相思布鲁斯》）是罗杰斯 10 岁时，第一次参加才艺比赛的一首歌；D选项“

Luck or

Something Like It: A Memoir

”（《运气或类似的东西：回忆录》）是罗杰斯出版的一本

书。

3.C

词汇理解题。答案定位于第四段最后两句，根据“version”的上下文内容：罗杰斯

10 岁时第一次参加才艺比赛。他唱的歌曲《相思布鲁斯》赢得了大奖 ...，结合全文可知，

这次才艺比赛，罗杰斯表演的是唱歌。 A选项“翻译”；B选项“阅读”； D 选项“跳

舞”均不符合文意，故答案选 C项“唱歌”。

4.D

事实细节题。题干问“按照这篇文章，罗杰斯 ”，A选项“来自于富裕家庭”，

与原文第三段第二句“...Rogers grew up in a government housing project.”（...他

在政府的廉租住宅区中长大）不符，错误；B选项“非常自信”原文没有提及，错误；C选

项“没有完成高中学业”，与原文第三段最后一句“He was the first person in his

family to receive a high school diploma.”（他是家里第一个拿到高中文凭的人）不

符，错误；D选项“不是贝斯手”定位于原文最后一段第二句“Rogers wasn't a bass

player”，故答案选 D。

Passage 2

When Ella's owners escaped from their home，they weren't able to take the dog with them.

But as wildfires raced through，Ella stood watch at the only house that was still standing in the

neighborhood.

Ella stayed in the ruins for almost two days. The family wasn't sure if Ella would survive the

flames. But a family friend told Ella's owners, Mike and Leahna Copsey, that he'd seen her

standing guard outside their neighbor's house.

The Copseys’ neighborhood was almost completely destroyed by the Camp Fire. the deadly

California wildfire that started on Nov.8,2018. The death toll(死亡人数)was 71，and more than

1.000 missing persons had been reported.

As for Ella, the dog is now living with Kayla West man, the Copseys’ eldest daughter. West man

has created a GoFundMe page where visitors can make donations to help her pay for Ella's

medical bills. So far, she's raised $175 of a $650 goal to help Ella，who suffered burns in the fire.

“Like many other animals that have been affected by the Camp Fire，Ella is one of them. After

going through the fire we are very lucky to have her back with us,” Westman wrote on the Go

Fund Me page. “And while her bills have already been discounted(打折) for fire victims, it's still

adding up quickly. Already spending $250 ，any little bit helps for the future visits we will be

making.”

The family also said that a local animal protection society has provided food, toys and a bed for

Ella. Still, even though Ella is safe, the family is without a home. A separate Go Fund Me page for

the Copseys says that the family has “lost everything in this fire.”

1..When the Camp Fire went out of control，_____．.

A. Both Ella and its owners escaped from the fire.

B. Ella escaped but its owners stayed to take care of their home.

C. Ella's owners escaped but Ella stayed in the neighborhood.

D. Both Ell a and its owners stayed in the neighborhood.

2..After the Camp Fire came to an end, _____ in the Copseys' neighborhood.

A. a few houses remained in good condition.

B. all the houses were destroyed except one.

C. half of the houses remained standing.

D. most houses survived the fire.

3..Kayla Westman planned to raise _____dollars for Ella's medical treatment.

A.175 B.650 C.250 D.350

4.It is learned from the passage that. _____．.

A. people in the neighborhood have not paid enough attention to animals.

B. animals in the neighborhood are not worth man'care and protection.

C. blood is thicker than water.

D. there exists a good relationship between people and dogs.

参考译文：

当艾拉的主人从家里逃出来时，他们没能把狗带在身边。但当熊熊野火迅速蔓延时，

艾拉站着注视附近唯一一栋仍屹立着的房子。

艾拉在废墟里待了近两天。家人都不确定艾拉是否能幸免于难。但一位家庭朋友告诉

艾拉的主人迈克和莱娜·科普西，他曾看到艾拉一直家附近站着。

科普西家附近几乎全被营火烧毁了。加州的这场致命火灾发生在 2018 年11 月8日。

据报道，已有71 人死亡，1000 多人失踪。

至于艾拉，这只狗现在和科普西的大女儿凯拉·韦斯特曼住在一起。韦斯特曼创建了一

个“资助我”的网页，访客可以在该页面上捐款，以帮助她支付艾拉的医疗费用。到目前

为止，她已经筹集了175 美元，而她的目标是650 美元，用于帮助遭大火烧伤的艾拉。

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曹胖学位英语——阅读理解专项讲解（机考）一、知识点讲解两大原理（一）原理一：卡位原理1.找出题干中的关键词（定位词）：（1）显性关键词：专有名词（大写字母）、数字、年代、时间、连字符单词；（2）谓语动词；（3）实义名词。2.找出四个选项关键词：（1）专有名词（大写字母）、数字、年代、时间、连字符单词；（2）比较级、最高级；（3）谓语动词；（4）实义名词；（5）不认识的单词。3.阅读文章，精准定位，在文章中找出题干及选项关键词。4.对比四个选项选出正确答案。（二）原理二：顺序原理题干顺序与文章顺序是一致的。Toomanypeoplewantotherstobetheirfriends,butth...

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