2011年12月英语四级真题

VIP免费

2024-12-27 4 0 36.57KB 14 页 5.9玖币

侵权投诉

2011 年12 月英语四级考试真题

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing

Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting

smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should

write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15

minutes)

Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly

and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the

best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions

8-10, complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.

Why Integrity Matters

What Is Integrity?

The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for

oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those

standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral

and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices

which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.

What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel

disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our

relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether

personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus

integrity must be one of our most important goals.

Risky Business

We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making

process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is

whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and

then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.

Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must

learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make

responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the

facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may

accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep

careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required.

But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct,

Ignorance is not a defense.

"But Everybody Does It"

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool

themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it."

"I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate:

"I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my

own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not

copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool

ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice

we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.

To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you

would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over your

shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk

and rationalizing it to yourself.

Evaluating Risks

To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in

the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to

yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits

and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting

caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class,

suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact,

when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the

power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely

vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest

principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this

category.

Getting Away with it - Or Not

Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn

from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines

confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without

dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity,

leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.

Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again,

not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This

slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the

cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences.

Cheating Hurts Other, Too

Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt

anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating

can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students

cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no

curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If

I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive

impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a

cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is

stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive

attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the

university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.

Why Integrity Marten

If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the

honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food,

clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the

dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused

when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings

and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate,

have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and

economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our

nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and

loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for

education.

In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our

society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to

build the kind of world in which we want to live.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also

_______.

A) sticks to them in their daily life B) makes them known to others

C) understands their true values D) sees that others also follow them

2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

5.9 玖币 0人已下载

立即下载 VIP免费下载

摘要：

2011年12月英语四级考试真题PartIWriting（30minutes）Directions: Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftimes."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.No...

展开>> 收起<<

2011年12月英语四级真题.docx

共14页,预览3页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

声明：本站为文档C2C交易模式，即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载，本站只是中间服务平台，本站所有文档下载所得的收益归上传人(含作者)所有。玖贝云文库仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私，请立即通知玖贝云文库，我们立即给予删除！

2011年12月英语四级真题

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

作者详情

相关内容

热门标签

举报选择: