The Altruist in Politics(政坛上的利他主义者)

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"The Altruist in Politics"

The Altruist in Politics

by Benjamin Cardozo

"The Altruist in Politics"

There comes not seldom a crisis in the life of men, of nations, and of

worlds, when the old forms seem ready to decay, and the old rules of

action have lost their binding force. The evils of existing systems

obscure the blessings that attend them; and, where reform is needed, the

cry is raised for subversion. The cause of such phenomena is not far to

seek. "It used to appear to me," writes Count Tolstoi, in a significant

passage, "it used to appear to me that the small number of cultivated, rich

and idle men, of whom I was one, composed the whole of humanity, and

that the millions and millions of other men who had lived and are still

living were not in reality men at all." It is this spirit- the spirit that sees

the whole of humanity in the few, and throws into the background the

millions and millions of other men-it is this spirit that has aroused the

antagonism of reformers, and made the decay of the old forms, the rupture

of the old restrictions, the ideal of them and of their followers. When

wealth and poverty meet each other face to face, the one the master and

the other the dependent, the one exalted and the other debased, it is

perhaps hardly matter for surprise that the dependent and debased and

powerless faction, in envy of their opponents' supremacy, should demand,

not simple reform, but absolute community and equality of wealth. That

cry for communism is no new one in the history of mankind. Thousands

of years ago it was heard and acted on; and, in the lapse of centuries, its

reverberations have but swelled in volume. Again and again, the altruist

has arisen in politics, has bidden us share with others the product of our

toil, and has proclaimed the communistic dogma as the panacea for our

social ills. So today, amid the buried hopes and buried projects of the

past, the doctrine of communism still lives in the minds of men. Under

stress of misfortune, or in dread of tyranny, it is still preached in modern

times as Plato preached it in the world of the Greeks.

Yet it is indeed doubtful whether, in the history of mankind, a doctrine

was ever taught more impracticable or more false to the principles it

professes than this very doctrine of communism. In a world where self-

interest is avowedly the ruling motive, it seeks to establish at once an all-

reaching and all-controlling altruism. In a world where every man is

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"TheAltruistinPolitics"1TheAltruistinPoliticsbyBenjaminCardozo"TheAltruistinPolitics"2Therecomesnotseldomacrisisinthelifeofmen,ofnations,andofworlds,whentheoldformsseemreadytodecay,andtheoldrulesofactionhavelosttheirbindingforce.Theevilsofexistingsystemsobscuretheblessingsthatattendthem;and,whereref...

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The Altruist in Politics(政坛上的利他主义者)

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