Hippocrates - Instruments Of Reduction

VIP免费

2024-12-19 1 0 37.57KB 12 页 5.9玖币

侵权投诉

A Universal Download Edition

WWW.UDownloadBooks.Com 1

1regard to the construction of bones, the bones and joints offingers are simple, the bones

of the hand and foot are numerous,articulated in various ways; the uppermost are the

largest; theconsists of one bone which is seen to project outward, and thetendons are

attached to it. The leg consists of two bones, unitedabove and below, but slightly

separated in the middle; thebone (fibula), where it comes into proximity with the little, is

but slightly smaller than the other, more so where they are, and at the knee, the outer

hamstring arises from it; thesehave a common epiphysis below, with which the foot is

moved,another epiphys is above,* in which is moved the articular extremitythe femur,

which is simple and light in proportion to its length,the form of a condyle, and having the

patella (connected with it?),femur itself bends outward and forward; its head is a round

epiphysisgives origin to ligament inserted in the acetabulum of the hip-joint.bone is

articulated somewhat obliquely, but less so than the. The ischium is united to the great

vertebra contiguous toos sacrum by a cartilaginous ligament. The spine, from the osto the

great vertebra, is curved backward; in this quartersituated the bladder, the organs of

generation, and the inclinedof the rectum; from this to the diaphragm it proceeds in aline

inclining forward, and the psoae are situated there;this point, to the great vertebra above

the tops of the shoulders,rises in a line that is curved backward, and the curvature

appearsthan it is in reality, for the posterior processes of theare there highest; the

articulation of the neck inclines forward.vertebrae on the inside are regularly placed upon

one another,behind they are connected by a cartilaginous ligament; they arein the form of

synarthrosis at the back part of the spinal; behind they have a sharp process having a

cartilaginous epiphysis,proceeds the roots of nerves running downward, as also

musclesfrom the neck to the loins, and filling the space betweenribs and the spine. The ribs

are connected to all the intervertebralon the inside, from the neck to the lumbar region, by

a small, and before to the sternum, their extremities being spongysoft; their form is the

most arched in man of all animals; forthis part, man is, of all animals, the narrowest in

proportionhis bulk. The ribs are united to each vertebra by a small ligamentthe place from

which the short and broad lateral processes (transverse?) arise. The sternum is one

continuous bone, having lateralfor the insertion of the ribs; it is of a spongy and

cartilaginous. The clavicles are rounded in front, having some slightat the sternum, but

more free at the acromion. The acromion,man, arises from the scapula differently from

most other animals.scapula is cartilaginous toward the spine, and spongy elsewhere,an

irregular figure externally; its neck and articular cavity; it does not interfere with the

movements of the ribs,is free of all connection with the other bones, except the

humerus.head of the humerus is articulated with its (glenoid?) cavity,means of a small

ligament, and it consists of a rounded epiphysisof spongy cartilage, the humerus itself is

bent outward and, and it is articulated with its (glenoid?) cavity by its side,not in a straight

line. At the elbow it is broad, and has condylescavities, and is of a solid consistence;

behind it is a cavitywhich the coronoid process (olecranon?) of the ulna is lodged,the arm

is extended; here, too, is inserted the benumbling nerve,arises from between the two bones

of the forearm at their junction,terminates there. * Epiphysis means a close union of the

two bones by means of a ligament.——————————————————————

————————————-2the nose is fractured, the parts should be modeled

instantly,possible. If the fracture be in its cartilaginous part, introducethe nostrils a tent

formed of caddis, inclosed in the outer skina Carthaginian hide, or anything else which

A Universal Download Edition

WWW.UDownloadBooks.Com 2

does not irritate;skin is to be glued to the parts displaced, which are to be thus. Bandaging

in this case does mischief. The treatment isconsist of flour with manna, or of sulphur with

cerate. You willadjust the fragments, and afterward retain them in placeyour fingers

introduced into the nostrils, and turning the partsplace; then the Carthaginian skin is to be

used. Callius formswhen there is a wound; and the same things are to be done, eventhere

is to be exfoliation of the bones, for this is not of anature. ————————————

——————————————————————-3fractures of the ears, neither

bandages nor cataplasms should be; or, if any bandage be used, it should be put on very

tight;cerate and sulphur should be applied to agglutinate the bandages.matter forms in the

ears, it is found to be more deeply seatedmight be supposed, for all parts that are pulpy,

and consistjuicy flesh, prove deceptious in such a case. But no harm willfrom making an

opening, for the parts are lean, watery, andof mucus. No mention is here made of the

places and circumstancesrender it fatal to make an opening. The cure is soonest

effectedtransfixing the ear with a cautery; but the ear is maimed and diminishedsize, if

burned across. If opened, one of the gentle medicinesflesh wounds should be used as a

dressing. ————————————————————————————————

——-4jaw-bone is often slightly displaced (subluxated?), and is restored; it is dislocated

but rarely, especially in gaping; in fact,bone is never dislocated unless it slips while the

mouth is opened. It slips, however, the more readily from its ligaments being, supple, and

of a yielding nature. The symptoms are: the lowerprotrudes, it is distorted to the side

opposite the dislocation,the patient cannot shut his mouth; when both sides are

dislocated,jaw projects more, the mouth can be less shut, but there is no; this is shown by

the rows of the teeth in the upper andjaw corresponding with one another. If, then, both

sides be, and not immediately reduced, the patient for the mostdies on the tenth day, with

symptoms of continued fever, stupor,coma, for the muscles there induce such effects;

there is disorderthe bowels attended with scanty and unmixed dejection; and the, if any,

are of the same character. The other variety istroublesome. The method of reduction is the

same in both:-Thebeing laid down or seated, the physician is to take hold ofhead, and

grasping both sides of the jaw-bone with both hands,and without, he must perform three

manoeuvres at once,-rectifyposition of the jaw, push it backward, and shut the mouth.

Theshould consist of soothing applications, position, and applyingsuitable bandage to

support the jaw-bone, so as to cooperate withreduction. —————————————

—————————————————————-5bone of the shoulder is dislocated

downward. I have never heardany other mode. The parts put on the appearance of

dislocation, when the flesh about the joint is wasted during consumption,also seems to be

the case with cattle when in a state of leannesswinter. Those persons are most liable to

dislocations who are, slender, and have humidities about their joints without

inflammation,it knits the joints. Those who attempt to reduce and rectify dislocationsoxen,

commit a blunder, as forgetting that the symptoms arise frommanner in which the ox uses

the limb, and that the appearancethe same in a man who is in a similar condition, and

forgettingthat Homer has said, that oxen are most lean at that season.this dislocation, then,

when not reduced, the patient cannot performof those acts which others do, by raising the

arm from the side.have thus stated who are the persons most subject to this

dislocation,how they are affected. In congenital dislocations the nearestare most

shortened, as is the case with persons who are weasel-armed;fore-arm less so, and the

A Universal Download Edition

WWW.UDownloadBooks.Com 3

hand still less; the bones above areaffected. And the parts (near the seat of the injury) are

mostin flesh; and this happens more especially on the side of theopposite the dislocation,

and that during adolescence, yet insomewhat less degree than in congenital cases. The

deep-seated suppurationsmost frequently to new-born infants about the joint of the

shoulder,these produce the same consequences as dislocations. In adults,bones are not so

diminished in size, and justly, seeing that thewill not increase as in the former case; but

wasting of thetakes place, for it is increased, and is diminished every day,at all ages. And

attention should be paid to the force of habit,to the symptom produced by the tearing

away of the acromion, wherebyvoid is left, which makes people suppose that the humerus

is dislocated.head of the humerus is felt in the armpit, and the patient cannothis arm, nor

swing it to this side and that, as formerly. Theshoulder shows the difference. Modes of

reduction:-The patienthaving placed his fist in the arm pit, pushes up the headthe humerus

with it, and brings the hand forward to the breast.:-Force it backward, so that you may

turn it round. Another:-Applyhead to the acromion, and your hands to the armpit,

separatehead of the humerus (from the side?), and push the elbow in thedirection; or,

instead of your knees, another person mayaside the elbow, as formerly directed. Or, place

the patientyour shoulder, with the shoulder in his armpit. Or, with the heel,being

introduced to fill up the hollow of the armpit, andthe right foot to the right shoulder. Or,

with a pestle. Or,the step of a ladder. Or, by rotation made with piece of woodbelow the

arm. Treatment:-As to attitude, the arm placedthe side, the hand and shoulder raised; the

bandaging and adjustmentthe parts while in this attitude. If not reduced, the top of

thebecomes attenuated. ——————————————————————————

————————-6the acromion is torn away, the appearance is the same as in

dislocationthe shoulder; but there is no impediment, except that the bonenot return to its

position. The figure should be the same asdislocation, both as regards bandaging and

suspending the limb.bandaging according to rule. ————————————————

——————————————————-7partial displacement (sub-luxation?) takes

place at the elbow,inside or outside, but the sharp point (olecranon?) remainsthe cavity of

the humerus, make extension in a straight line, andthe projecting parts backward and to

the sides. ————————————————————————————————

——-8complete dislocations to either side, make extension while theis in the position it is

put in to be bandaged for a fracture,thus the rounded part of the elbow will not form an

obstacle to. Dislocation most commonly takes place inward. The parts are toadjusted by

separating the bones as much as possible, so that theof the humerus may not come in

contact with the olecranon, butis to be carried up and turned round, and not forced in a

straight; at the same time the opposite sides are to be pushed together,the bones reduced

to their place. In these cases rotation of thecooperates; that is to say, turning the arm into

a state ofand pronation; so much for the reduction. With regard toattitude in which it is to

be put,-the hand is to be placed somewhatthan the elbow, and the arm by the side; this

position suitsit when slung from the neck, is easily borne, is its natural, and one adapted

for ordinary purposes, unless callus form: the callus soon forms. Treatment:-By bandages

accordingthe common rule for articulations, and the point of the elbow isbe included in the

bandage. ————————————————————————————————

——-9elbow, when luxated, induces the most serious consequences, fevers,, nausea,

vomiting of pure bile; and this especially in dislocations, from pressure on the nerve which

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

5.9 玖币 0人已下载

立即下载 VIP免费下载

摘要：

AUniversalDownloadEditionWWW.UDownloadBooks.Com11regardtotheconstructionofbones,thebonesandjointsoffingersaresimple,thebonesofthehandandfootarenumerous,articulatedinvariousways;theuppermostarethelargest;theconsistsofonebonewhichisseentoprojectoutward,andthetendonsareattachedtoit.Thelegconsistsoftwob...

展开>> 收起<<

Hippocrates - Instruments Of Reduction.pdf

共12页,预览3页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

声明：本站为文档C2C交易模式，即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载，本站只是中间服务平台，本站所有文档下载所得的收益归上传人(含作者)所有。玖贝云文库仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私，请立即通知玖贝云文库，我们立即给予删除！

Hippocrates - Instruments Of Reduction

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

作者详情

相关内容

热门标签

举报选择: